Chemistry of inorganic compounds – Treating mixture to obtain metal containing compound – Radioactive metal
Patent
1986-07-22
1989-07-04
Hruskoci, Peter
Chemistry of inorganic compounds
Treating mixture to obtain metal containing compound
Radioactive metal
209166, 209170, 210705, 210712, 210912, 423 11, 423 211, 423 42, 423122, 423140, 423321R, C01G 5600
Patent
active
048448737
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention concerns an improvement to the separation and recovery of solids from liquids containing them and using the ionic floatation process.
The invention also embodies the means to implement this improvement.
Ionic floatation is a known technique the purpose of which is to eliminate from a solution that contains them certain ions, in particular metallic cations. This technique consists in introducing into the solution to be processed a surfactant known as the collector, the role of which is to form into complexes and render insoluble the ion that is to be separated from within this liquid, to carry said complex in an ascending movement to the surface of said liquid and to recover it at said surface.
The processes and devices enabling a solid to be conveyed to the surface of a liquid in which it is present by means of bubble generators are known. If these known processes and devices be applied to the case of ionic floatation, in particular in media displaying density, viscosity and surface tension that differ from those of water, such as an acidic medium, in particular concentrated acidic medium, these means and devices involve a number of disadvantages:
some would be too expensive to implement and would require considerable expenditure of energy;
others would effectively lead to separation, though accompanied by carryover of a relatively large quantity of the liquid medium subjected to the process, which would require when said liquid medium is itself of commercial value, an additional operation to recover said liquid;
yet others would affect or would modify the physical properties of the solid to be separated, such as the specific dimensions rendering it conducive to good conveyance by the liquid;
others would not yield a satisfactory separation efficiency.
Mention will be made in particular, both with respect to the ionic floatation technique and the means applied to separate the ions from slightly acidic or basic diluted aqueous solutions, of the following works:
F. SEBBA--"Organic Ion Flotation"--Nature, Nov. 26, 1960, vol. 188, p. 736-737;
F. SEBBA--"Ion flotation"--Elsevier, New-York, 1962;
F. SEBBA--"Ion flotation as a technique for studying complexes in aqueous solution", 7th International Conference on Coordination Chemistry, Stockholm and Uppsala, Sweden, 1962;
F. SEBBA--DAS patent Nos. 11.75.622 and 12.28.571.
F. SEBBA--"Concentration by ion flotation"--Nature, 1959, vol. 184, supplement No. 14, p. 1062-1063.
The works concerning:
the extraction from uranium of a diluted sulphuric aqueous solution resulting from the lixiviation of impoverished minerals, by floatation of the uranylsulphate anion associated to a collector (fatty acid amino):
R. RABRENOVIC--Rudy 18, p. 138 (1970);
K. SHAKIR--J. of Appl. Chem. Biotechn. 23 pp 33914 347 (1973).
the elimination of cadmium from the residual waters of mineral exploitation by floatation by an alkylxanthate, and recovery of elements such as Au.sup.+, Ag.sup.+ and Hg.sup.2+ present in trace quantities:
T. TAKAHASHI, I. MATSHOKA and J. SHIMOIIZAKA Technology Reports, Tohoku Univ. vol. 36, No. 2 (1971);
the elimination of cadmium from diluted aqueous nitric solutions, by means of anionic or cationic surfactants:
K. KOBAYASHI--Bull. of the Chem. Soc. of Japan, vol. 48 (6), p. 1745-1749 (1975);
the selective floatation of complex anions, such as Zn(CN).sup.2-.sub.4 Cd(CN).sup.2-.sub.4, from aqueous solutions with very low contents, by means of a quaternary ammonium salt:
T. GENDOLLA and W.A. CHAREWICZ--Separation Science and Technology, 14 (7) p. 65914 662 (1979).
For concentrated acidic media, in particular the more viscous ones, mention will be made of the case of separation from uranium of thorium in an 8N concentrated hydrochloric acid medium by means of a cationic surfactant, benzethonium chloride, which has been described by:
C. T. IACOBELLI, S. TERENZI and M. PALMERA - I and EC Process Design and Development, vol. 6, No. 2, April 1967, p. 162-165.
More recently, the problem of the extraction of elements by ionic floatation has been tackl
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Blazy Pierre
Jdid El A.
Lebon Marc
Prevost Michele
Hruskoci Peter
Institut National de Recherche Chimique Applique
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