Surgery – Respiratory method or device – Means for supplying respiratory gas under positive pressure
Patent
1995-08-14
1998-02-24
Srivastava, V.
Surgery
Respiratory method or device
Means for supplying respiratory gas under positive pressure
12820127, 12820128, 12820522, 12820528, 12820615, A62B 902
Patent
active
057202796
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a diving respirator. More particularly, the present invention pertains to a semiclosed-type respirator constituted so that it regenerates an expiration gas recovered from a mouthpiece by passing the gas through a carbon dioxide adsorption unit, supplies the thus regenerated gas and a fresh gas to be inhaled which flows a constant flow rate from a respiration gas bomb to the mouthpiece as inhalation gasses, and discharges excess gasses outside.
BACKGROUND ART
Diving respirators can generally be divided into two types, wherein one is an open-type respirator and the other is a closed or semiclosed-type respirator. The open-type respirator is constituted such that the entire gas once breathed is discharged outside the respirator, while the closed or semiclosed-type one is provided with a mechanism for making the breathed gas respirable again.
In a diving manner using an open-type respirator, a same amount in volume of gas is respired irrespective of an ambient pressure, or the diving depth. This means that the consumption ratio of the respiration gas increases according to the increase in value of the ambient pressure. Where a gas bomb is provided, in other words, the amount of the respirable gas is limited, a diving period of time is shortened as the diving depth increases.
In contrast, according to a closed or semiclosed-type respirator, although a compressed gas as the respiration air source is utilized as like as an open-type respirator, a constant amount in weight of gas can be respired irrespective of an ambient pressure. Hence, in the closed or semiclosed-type respirator, the consumption rate of the respiration gas is constant irrespective of the depth. Therefore, an amount of respiration gas which must be carried is extremely small compared to that required for the open-type respirator. Further, by changing a mixing ratio of the respiration gas, it enables to dive for a prolonged period of time into such a depth into which a divine with the open-type ones cannot be reached.
Accordingly, the closed-type and semiclosed-type respirators have a benefit that they are light and are capable of diving deeply for a long period of time in comparison with the open-type respirator. However, the conventional closed-type and semiclosed-type respirators have been developed for use in special diving operations, military affairs and the like, so that they are only equipped with minimized safety mechanisms but are not provided with mechanisms for emergencies which tend to occur frequently. This means that the usage of these respirators requires a relatively exhaustive training and therefore hobbyist divers cannot easily utilize these respirators.
However, accompanied by increase in population of hobbyist divers, there has been increased a demand for diving utilizing the closed-type or semiclosed-type respirators without requiring much complicated operations or skills. By the way, a closed-type respirator is equipped with an oxygen concentration sensor and the like, and requires relatively extensive training for divers to handle, control and monitor such equipment, whereas a semiclosed-type respirator has no such equipment and therefore it is not necessary for a diver to receive training for handling these equipment. Thus, a person other than experts can relatively easily handle a semiclosed-type respirator.
FIG. 15 shows a whole structure of a conventional-type semiclosed respirator. The semiclosed respirator 1000 comprises a respiration gas bomb 1001, a carbon dioxide adsorption unit 1002, a mouthpiece 1003, an expiration air bag 1004 and an inhalation air bag 1005, wherein the mouthpiece 1003 is connected via a flexible inhalation tube 1007 and a flexible expiration tube 1008 to the inhalation air bag 1005 and he expiration air bag 1004, respectively. Further, the expiration air bag 1004 is provided with a gas discharging valve 1008 for controlling a pressure value in the respiration gas circulatory system.
The expiration gas of a diver is fed to the expiration air
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Furuichi Yutaka
Matsuoka Shunsuke
Grand Bleu Inc.
Srivastava V.
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