Firearms – Firing mechanism – Rearward sliding breech bolt
Patent
1996-09-30
1998-07-14
Eldred, J. Woodrow
Firearms
Firing mechanism
Rearward sliding breech bolt
42 20, 89147, F41A 300
Patent
active
057785856
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a semiautomatic weapon with a grip, a housing or the like, a breech block and a hammer which is arranged rotatably about a hammer axis.
Semiautomatic weapons are known and obtainable on the market in many forms and designs. They are distinguished in that, after the shot, an empty case of the cartridge is ejected as a result of the recoil and a new cartridge is inserted into the barrel, the hammer simultaneously being cocked as a result of a return of the breech block during ejection and reloading. Semiautomatic weapons of this type are used in all possible types of weapon, primarily in pistols and long-barrelled weapons. However, the invention is not restricted to these, but can be used in all semiautomatic weapons.
The semiautomatic weapons, in which projectiles accelerated by propellent gases are driven out of the barrel, generate recoil pulses which feel unpleasant and which are to be counteracted. Mention must be made primarily of two recoil pulses which, for example, make a pistol awkward to handle. These are, on the one hand, the firing pin cocking jolt and, on the other hand, the breech block impact jolt. Whereas the latter does not have such an adverse effect, since the projectile has already left the barrel, the firing pin cocking jolt, however, has a highly adverse effect on the accuracy of the shot. At the moment of the firing pin cocking jolt, the projectile is still located in the barrel, so that the pulse energy of the firing pin cocking jolt, said pulse energy being transmitted, for example, to the grip of a pistol, results in a deviation of the shot.
On the other hand, the recoil pulses which occur are not distributed uniformly in time, which precisely makes larger calibers difficult to control and, moreover, fatigues the firer.
Previous attempts to compensate this firing pin cocking jolt were restricted essentially to changes to the grip casing (Ruger) which, by means of a special mounting, are intended to make an elastic connection with the grip and thus damp the recoil.
In further tests, buffer elements, for example on the principle of the pneumatic spring, are used in the region of the closing spring, but the physical possibilities of these arrangements are greatly restricted purely and simply by low masses and therefore negligible energy absorption possibilities, so that, even when all the previous possibilities are utilized, a damping of the pulse peaks which occur is possible only in the ranges in which the projectile has already left the barrel. However, since the time between the firing of the shot and the exit of the projectile from the barrel is precisely the critical factor for the maximum attainable accuracy, but previous systems do not cover this range, known measures which have been executed are inadequate.
The object on which the present invention is based is to equalize the recoil pulse distribution as far as possible and, in particular, to counteract the firing pin cocking jolt pulse.
To achieve this object, the position of the firing pin axis relative to the grip and/or the position of the firing pin relative to its firing pin axis can be varied.
The essential feature of the present invention is that the firing pin can to a restricted extent shift aside from the returning breech block, so that the cocking of the firing pin is delayed, so that the projectile has already left the barrel when the cocking of the firing pin takes place. At the same time, the breech block no longer strikes the firing pin abruptly in order to cock it, so that the firing pin cocking jolt pulse is substantially minimized and equalized. The same also applies to the breech block impact jolt.
The total pulse occurring during the recoil is expanded in time and distributed uniformly. As long as the projectile has not yet left the muzzle, a very low pulse energy acts, for example, on the grip of a pistol. This makes extremely accurate firing possible.
Many possibilities are conceivable for taking sufficient account of the idea of the invention. Only preferred exemplary embodimen
REFERENCES:
patent: 1568005 (1925-12-01), Sutter
patent: 2522194 (1950-09-01), Porter
patent: 3287843 (1966-11-01), Seidel et al.
patent: 3949508 (1976-04-01), Elkas
patent: 4361072 (1982-11-01), Karlsen
patent: 5349773 (1994-09-01), Sprangers
patent: 5417001 (1995-05-01), Rousseau
patent: 5635663 (1997-06-01), Krieger et al.
Eldred J. Woodrow
Schweizerische Industriegesellschaft
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