Surgery – Respiratory method or device – Including body or head supported means covering user's scalp
Patent
1994-06-13
1996-06-18
Burr, Edgar S.
Surgery
Respiratory method or device
Including body or head supported means covering user's scalp
12820128, 12820122, 12820426, 12820525, 12820528, A62B 702
Patent
active
055268048
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an emergency breathing device, comprising a gas-tight protective hood adapted to surround the head of a user and in which there are arranged an oxygen supply unit having a reservoir for the supply of oxygen to the breathing air in the hood, and a CO.sub.2 absorber for purifying the breathing air.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
There has previously been developed a number of different types of breathing equipment for respiration protection during stays for a shorter or longer time in a contaminated atmosphere. Most of this equipment has been developed for professional effort in the fighting of fires or the like. One achieves an efficient protection, but the size, weight, price, etc. make the equipment unsuitable as a general "escape equipment". An escape equipment should be able to find room in a little bag, be operative at short notice, and give an efficient respiration protection for approximately 10 minutes. In spite of the fact that the need for such an equipment undoubtedly is great, there is--as far as one knows--no commercially available equipment which satisfies these requirements.
From U.S. Pat. No. 4,552,140 there is known a transparent impervious flexible hood for placing over the head of a user and which is sealingly affixed to an inflatable collar. An annular saddle-shaped reservoir contains a supply of pressurized oxygen gas and is concentrically positioned on the collar, so that when this is inflated the weight of the reservoir seals the collar around the neck of the user. A control mechanism is actuatable by the user for the supply of oxygen gas for simultaneously filling the hood and inflating the collar. In the hood there is also arranged a CO.sub.2 absorber for purifying exhaled gas, and an ejector means is provided for guiding the breathing gas through the absorber so that the gas may be recirculated.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to provide an emergency breathing device which satisfies the requirements stated in the introduction, and more specifically a self-sufficient, functionally safe and simultaneously simple and reasonable device which, for a given time period, is able to maintain the supply of breathing gas to a user in case of escape and during short stays in a contaminated and oxygen-pure atmosphere.
The above-mentioned object is achieved with an emergency breathing device of the introductorily stated type which, according to the invention, is characterized in that the hood has double walls for providing a closed breathing bag which is separated from the surrounding atmosphere and which is provided with a suitably positioned mouthpiece for use by the user, and that the oxygen supply unit comprises an oxygen dosing means arranged to be actuated in accordance with the breathing pattern of the user.
In the device according to the invention, a complete closed breathing system is built into a specially developed protective hood which advantageously is made of a heat-resistant and gas-tight material. The device in practice may be made operative in a few seconds by breaking a plastic seal, whereafter the hood is unfolded and the oxygen dosing means is activated. Thereafter the hood is pulled over the user's head, and a lace means is tightened for sealing at the neck and the back of the head of the user.
The fact that the hood has double walls for the provision of a closed breathing bag which is separated from the surrounding atmosphere, implies that the hood can be put on directly also in a contaminated atmosphere and immediately ensures the supply of fresh breathing gas to the user when the mouthpiece is in place in the mouth. The dosing means of the device also represents an important security aspect, the means injecting oxygen in accordance with the breathing frequency of the user and ensuring supply of breathable air irrespective of how hard the user is breathing.
The device according to the invention has been developed with a view to achieving a low weight and an ergonomically favorable design.
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Burr Edgar S.
Deane, Jr. William J.
Ottestad Breathing Systems AS
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