Chemistry of inorganic compounds – Treating mixture to obtain metal containing compound – Group ivb metal
Patent
1983-05-25
1986-01-07
Doll, John
Chemistry of inorganic compounds
Treating mixture to obtain metal containing compound
Group ivb metal
423135, 423136, 423149, 423343, 423492, 423493, 423496, 423DIG12, C01B 3308, C01F 760, C01G 2302, C01G 4910
Patent
active
045633380
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a selective method of chlorination in baths of melted salts, by means of gaseous chlorinating mixtures, of mixtures of metallic, simple or complex oxides, of natural origin, such as ores; or of synthetic origin, such as red sludges or other concentrates of metallic oxides, comprising at least one of the elements to be used, aluminum, titanium, iron and silicon, as well as the impurities accompanying the aforementioned elements, which will lead to obtaining isolated metallic chlorides of high purity.
It has been known for a long time already to produce metallic chlorides in baths of melted salts by chlorination of metallic oxides or ores containing same, by means of a source of chlorine, in the presence of a reducing agent.
In fact, the economic importance of industrially obtaining metallic chlorides, and, more particularly, of aluminum chloride for catalytic applications or for the electrolytic production of metal, such as aluminum, led the person skilled in the art to conduct profound research in this field. Thus, numerous procedures have been described in the specialized literature, which relate to the production methods for anhydrous metallic chlorides by carbochlorination in baths of melted salts of metallic oxides or of ores containing same.
One first document, for example the French Pat. No. 1,126,225, describes the reaction of material containing titanium, such as rutile, ilmentite or titanium oxide powder, with gaseous chlorine in the presence of a reducing agent, inside a bath of melted salts constituted by a mixture of alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal choride and/or floride at a temperature above the melting point of the mixture of the metallic halides (from 850.degree. to 900.degree. C.), thereby assuring the production of titanium chloride.
Another document, French Pat. No. 2,334,625, proposes a method for obtaining anhydrous aluminum chloride by carbochlorination of an aluminous ore, and, more precisely of alumina, in a bath of melted salts. This method consists of reacting in a bath of melted salts formed by at least one alkali metal and/or alkaline earth chloride and aluminum chloride, an alumina source, with a chlorine source in the presence of a non-gaseous reducing agent, such as carbon. Anhydrous aluminum chloride is recovered under a gaseous form at the outlet of the bath, simultaneously with the escape gases, in order to be condensed for this effect in a cooled zone.
However, and this is an inconvenience, the obtaining of anhydrous metallic gases in baths of melted salts according to the methods described in the above-cited literature, demands the presence and intervention of a reducing agent to assure the transformation of the metallic oxide into a chloride according to the reaction of carbochlorination, like the one, for example, concerning alumina: +.sup.3 /.sub.2 CO.sub.2 +Q cal.
Such a reducing agent is in most cases in solid form, but may be in liquid or gaseous form.
When in solid form, this reducing agent preferably is carbon, but it may be selected from among other reducing agents, such as sulfur, for example. When the reducing agent is carbon, it originates from the usual sources well known to the person skilled in the art, that is to say carbons, petroleum and their derivates. This agent is put into operation after possibly having undergone a purification treatment as well as a grinding treatment, so that it is present in the aspect of solid particles of small dimensions, close to those of the metallic oxide intended for the carbochlorination.
Thus, the bath of melted salts used for the charbochlorination is fed, as a rule, by means of metallic oxide powder and carbon, having a substantially identical average particle size, requiring a prior crushing of these two materials. However, under a more elaborate method, the specialized literature suggests to even feed the bath of melted salts by means of mixed agglomerates formed from metallic oxide and the reducing agent, such as carbon or its derivates; the formation of the agglomerates be
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Bertaud Yves
Picard Gerard
Seon Francoise
Tremillon Bernard
Aluminium Pechiney
Doll John
Russel Jeffrey E.
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