Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Opaque stonelike module – Elongated reinforcing
Patent
1997-11-24
1999-08-17
Friedman, Carl D.
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Opaque stonelike module
Elongated reinforcing
52422, 52415, E04C 500
Patent
active
059376066
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an arrangement for reinforcement at a longitudinally and/or areally extending structure or structural component by means of at least one lamina-like reinforcement disposed on the structure or structural component or masonry, slacked or prestressed, a structural component provided for support functions, as well as a method for reinforcing a structure or structural component.
For many years research and practice has been engaged in the subsequent reinforcement of structures, such as in particular ferroconcrete structures and masonry by applying additional reinforcement. The beginnings of this technique are described in J. Bresson, "Nouvelles recherches et applications concernant l'utilisation des collages dans les structures. Beton plaque.", Annales ITBTP No. 278 (1971), Serie Beton, Beton arme No. 116, and go back to the 1960s. Bresson directed his efforts in particular to the research of the composite tension in the region of the anchorages of steel laminae affixed by adhesion.
For approximately the past twenty years, existing structures, such as ferroconcrete structures, such as for example bridges, floor and ceiling plates, longitudinal girders and the like, but also nonreinforced masonry, can consequently be reinforced through subsequent affixing by adhesion of steel laminae.
The reinforcing of concrete structures and masonry by affixing steel laminae with, for example, epoxy resin adhesives, can be considered to be standard technique at this time. There are a variety of reasons which make reinforcement necessary: supports, or their support functions are reduced, masonry, as well as
Subsequent reinforcement with steel laminae affixed by adhesion have been found to be useful on numerous structures such as is described for example in the following literature citations: Ladner, M., Weder, Ch.: "Geklebte Bewehrung im Stahlbetonbau" {Adhered armouring in ferroconcrete construction}, EMPA Dubendorf, Bericht No. 206 (1981); "Verstarkung von Tragkonstruktionen mit geklebter Armierung" {Reinforcement of bearing structures with adhered armouring}, Schweiz. Bauzeitung, Sonderdruck aus dem 92. Jahrgang, No. 10 (1974); "Die Sanierung der Gizenenbrucke uber Muota" {Renovation of the Gizen bridge across the Muota}, Schweiz. Ingenieur & Architekt, Sonderdruck aus Heft 41 (1980).
However, these reinforcement methods entail disadvantages. Steel laminae can only be supplied in short lengths which only allows application of relatively short laminae. Consequently, laminar stacks become necessary and thus potential weak points, cannot be avoided. The awkward handling of heavy steel laminae on the site can in addition lead to especially difficult problems in implementation techniques in the case of high structures or those difficult to access. Moreover, in the case of steel, even with careful corrosion protection treatment, the danger of lateral concealed rusting of the laminae, or the corrosion on the interface between steel and concrete exists which can lead to the detachment and thus the loss of reinforcement.
Accordingly, it was suggested in the publication by U. Meier, "Bruckensanierungen mit Hochleistungs-Faserverbundwerkstoffen" {Bridge renovation with high-performance fiber composites}, Material+Technik, Vol. 15, No. 4 (1987), and in the dissertation by H. P. Kaiser, Diss. ETH No. 8918 of the ETH Zurich (1989) to replace the steel laminae by carbon-fiber reinforced epoxy resin laminae. Laminae comprising this material are distinguished by a low bulk density, very high strength, excellent fatigue properties and outstanding corrosion resistance. It is thus possible to use, instead of the heavy steel laminae, light, thin carbon-fiber reinforced synthetic material laminae which can be transported virtually continuously in the rolled-up state to the construction site. It was found in practical determinations that carbon-fiber laminae of 0.5 mm thickness are capable of absorbing a tension force which corresponds to the yield force of a 3 mm thick FE360
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Deuring Martin
Meier Urs
Schwegler Gregor
Dorsey Dennis L.
Eidgenossische Materialprufungs-Und Forschungsanstalt EMPA
Friedman Carl D.
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