Fluid reaction surfaces (i.e. – impellers) – Specific blade structure – Radial flow devices
Reexamination Certificate
2001-06-28
2002-09-17
Verdier, Christopher (Department: 3745)
Fluid reaction surfaces (i.e., impellers)
Specific blade structure
Radial flow devices
C416S243000, C416SDIG002
Reexamination Certificate
active
06450770
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a turbine bucket for a gas turbine stage and particularly relates to a second-stage turbine bucket airfoil profile.
In recent years, advanced gas turbines have trended toward increasing firing temperatures and efforts to improve cooling of the various turbine components. In a particular gas turbine design of the assignee, a high output turbine that uses a combination of steam and air cooling to meet a 60% combined cycle efficiency is undergoing development. It will be appreciated that the design and construction of the turbine buckets and particularly the buckets of the second turbine stage of that turbine require optimized aerodynamic efficiency, as well as aerodynamic and mechanical bucket loading.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a unique turbine bucket airfoil profile for a turbine stage, preferably the second stage, which may be defined by a unique loci of points to achieve the necessary efficiency in loading requirements whereby improved turbine performance is obtained. It will be appreciated that the nominal profile given by the X, Y, Z coordinates of Table I, which follows, define this unique loci of points. The coordinates given in inches in Table I are for a cold, i.e., room-temperature profile for each cross-section of the bucket. Each defined cross-section is joined smoothly with adjacent cross-sections to form the complete airfoil shape. It will also be appreciated that as the bucket heats up in use, the profile will change as a result of stress and temperature. Thus, the cold or room-temperature profile is given by the X, Y, Z coordinates for manufacturing purposes. Because a manufactured bucket airfoil profile may be different than the nominal airfoil profile given in the following table, a distance of ±0.110 inches from the nominal profile in a direction normal to any surface location along the nominal profile and which includes any coating process, defines the profile envelope for this design. Additionally, a plus or minus one degree of rotation about a stacking axis of the airfoil is also within the profile envelope. This ensures that blade mechanical loading and aerodynamics are accommodated within the profile envelope given by the coordinate values of Table I. The design is thus robust to these variations without impairment of the mechanical and aerodynamic functions.
It will also be appreciated that the airfoil can be scaled-up or scaled-down geometrically for introduction into other similar turbine designs. Consequently, the X, Y and Z coordinates of the nominal airfoil profile given below are a function of the same constant or number. That is, the X, Y and Z coordinate values given in the Table may be multiplied or divided by the same constant or number to provide a scaled-up or scaled-down version of the bucket airfoil profile, while retaining the airfoil section shape.
In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, there is provided a turbine bucket having a bucket airfoil shape in an envelope within ±0.110 inches in a direction normal to any airfoil surface location wherein the airfoil has an uncoated nominal profile substantially in accordance with Cartesian coordinate values of X, Y and Z set forth in inches in Table I wherein Z is a perpendicular distance from a plane normal to a radius of the turbine centerline and containing the X and Y values with the Z value commencing at zero in the X, Y plane at a radially innermost aerodynamic section of the airfoil and X and Y are coordinate values defining the airfoil profile at each distance Z, the profiles at the Z distances being joined smoothly with one another to form the complete airfoil shape.
In a further preferred embodiment according to the present invention, there is provided a turbine bucket having a bucket airfoil shape in an envelope within ±0.110 inches in a direction normal to any airfoil surface location wherein the airfoil has an uncoated nominal profile substantially in accordance with Cartesian coordinate values of X, Y and Z set forth in inches in Table I wherein Z is a perpendicular distance from a plane normal to a radius of the turbine centerline and containing the X and Y values with the Z value commencing at zero in the X, Y plane at a radially innermost aerodynamic section of the airfoil and X and Y are coordinate values defining the airfoil profile at each distance Z, the profiles at the Z distances being joined smoothly with one another to form the complete airfoil shape, the profile lying within plus or minus one degree of rotation about a stacking axis of the airfoil at each distance Z.
In a further preferred embodiment according to the present invention, there is provided a turbine bucket having an uncoated nominal airfoil profile substantially in accordance with Cartesian coordinate values of X, Y and Z set forth in inches in Table I wherein Z is a perpendicular distance from a plane normal to a radius of the turbine centerline and containing the X and Y values with the Z value commencing at zero in the X, Y plane at a radially innermost aerodynamic section of the airfoil and X and Y are coordinate values defining the airfoil profile at each distance Z, the profiles at the Z distances being joined smoothly with one another to form the complete airfoil bucket profile, the X, Y and Z values being scaled as a function of the same constant or number to provide a scaled-up or scaled-down bucket airfoil.
In a further preferred embodiment according to the present invention, there is provided a turbine comprising a turbine wheel having a plurality of buckets, each of the buckets having an airfoil shape in an envelope within ±0.110 inches in a direction normal to any bucket airfoil surface location wherein the airfoil has an uncoated nominal profile substantially in accordance with Cartesian coordinate values of X, Y and Z set forth in inches in Table I wherein Z is a perpendicular distance from a plane normal to a radius of the turbine centerline and containing the X and Y values with the Z value commencing at zero in the X, Y plane at a radially innermost aerodynamic section of the airfoil and X and Y are coordinate values defining the airfoil profile at each distance Z, the profiles at the Z distances being joined smoothly with one another to form the complete airfoil shape.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a turbine comprising a turbine wheel having a plurality of buckets, each of the buckets having an airfoil shape in an envelope within ±0.110 inches in a direction normal to any bucket airfoil surface location wherein the airfoil has an uncoated nominal profile substantially in accordance with Cartesian coordinate values of X, Y and Z set forth in inches in Table I wherein Z is a perpendicular distance from a plane normal to a radius of the turbine centerline and containing the X and Y values with the Z value commencing at zero in the X, Y plane at a radially innermost aerodynamic section of the airfoil and X and Y are coordinate values defining the airfoil profile at each distance Z, the profiles at the Z distances being joined smoothly with one another to form the complete airfoil shape, the profile lying within a plus or minus one degree of rotation about a stacking axis of the airfoil at each distance Z.
In a further preferred embodiment according to the present invention, there is provided a turbine comprising a turbine wheel having a plurality of buckets, each of the buckets having an uncoated nominal airfoil profile substantially in accordance with Cartesian coordinate values of X, Y and Z set forth in inches in Table I wherein Z is a perpendicular distance from a plane normal to a radius of the turbine centerline and containing the X and Y values with the Z value commencing at zero in the X, Y plane at the radially innermost aerodynamic section of the airfoil and X and Y are coordinate values defining the airfoil profile at each distance Z, t
By Robert Romany
Hyde Susan Marie
Sims Calvin L.
Wang John Zhiqiang
General Electric Company
Nixon & Vanderhye
Verdier Christopher
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