Valves and valve actuation – Tube compressors
Patent
1998-01-16
1999-08-24
Fox, John
Valves and valve actuation
Tube compressors
257 7, F16K 702
Patent
active
059414995
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a sealing valve with a longitudinally extended valve body that exhibits a connective end and a sealing end, in which valve body a valve passageway is embodied that extends from the connection end to the sealing end in an axial direction, in which a sealing plug that may be compressed for the purpose of sealing is provided that is equipped with an axial plug passageway.
Such a sealing valve is known from the European patent document EP 0 267 584. The valve body of the known sealing valve exhibits a main tube that constitutes the connection end, onto which a sealing cylinder that constitutes the sealing end is set. The internal diameter of the sealing cylinder is greater than the internal diameter of the main tube. The transition from the inner chamber of the sealing cylinder to the passageway of the main tube is accomplished by means of a conically tapering shoulder section. Within the inner chamber of the sealing cylinder, an elastic sealing plug is found that abuts the conical shoulder section, which plug may be compressed with the aid of a plunger that may be moved in the axial direction, but is secured against rotations within the interior chamber of the sealing cylinder. The plunger is equipped, on the side facing the sealing end, with a spiral surface upon which an additional spiral surface of a lever closure that is imposed upon the sealing cylinder presses. In order to activate the valve, the lever closure is turned toward the sealing cylinder so that the spiral surfaces are shifted toward one another, and the plunger is moved in the axial direction. If the sealing plunger is compressed, the elastic material of the sealing ring moves out of the way toward the inside, and the plug passageway is reduced in size. By virtue of this fact, the sealing plug is able to seal off the sealing valve, or an instrument that is guided through the sealing valve.
Such a sealing valve is a crucial component of interventional catheter technique. This technique is used, for example, to expand narrowed coronary arteries with the aid of a balloon catheter. In order to bring the balloon catheter to that point of the coronary arteries that must be treated, a guide catheter must, first of all, be introduced through an opening in the patient's inguinal area, and advanced, via the aorta, to the origin of the artery to be treated. Thereafter, a wire having a diameter of a few tenths of a millimeter is introduced through this guide catheter into the blood vessel that is to be treated. Then, the balloon catheter is threaded onto this wire and advanced to the point to be expanded.
During these treatment steps, the guide catheter is sealed off by means of the sealing valve. When the instruments are introduced, the left hand of the physician rendering treatment holds the sealing valve while the right hand undertakes the movements that are necessary to maneuver the instruments, either opening or closing the valve as necessary in the interim. Because of the ungainly reaching around with the right hand that is necessary to activate the valve, the valve frequently remains unintentionally and unnecessarily opened, for which reason, among other things, the patient loses considerable amounts of blood. In certain circumstances, this state of affairs represents a threat to the patient. In any case, the field of instrumentation is soiled by considerable amounts of blood.
Furthermore, from the United States patent document U.S. Pat. No. 4,917,668, a sealing valve is known that is comprised of a sealing body. The sealing body exhibits a connection piece that may be connected to a guide catheter, to which, in the axial direction, an introduction piece is connected. The connection piece and the introduction piece are equipped, in each case, with a central passageway which may be sealed off by means of an elastic sealing membrane, provided, in the area of the passageway, with slits, and clamped between the connection piece and the introduction piece. On the side of the sealing membrane that faces toward the connecting cat
REFERENCES:
patent: 3685786 (1972-08-01), Woodson
patent: 4917668 (1990-04-01), Haindl
patent: 5529278 (1996-06-01), Weldon et al.
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