Screenless vibratory separator

Details Screenless vibratory separator Screenless vibratory separator

1999-06-30

2001-05-22

Nguyen, Tuan N. (Department: 3653)

Classifying, separating, and assorting solids

Stratifiers

Movable bed

C209S493000, C209S504000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06234319

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention involves a classifying equipment for unequal particles of the same kind or the same density, specially involves a screenless vibratory separator.
2. Description of the Related Art
Screen technique is actually a grading classification according to granularity of particles. Up to now screen equipments and techniques are all based on the knowledge of the related objects. For bulk-variant solid particles a screen with mesh is usually adopted. It essentially utilizes the norm of mesh holes to pick out particles, which leads to low separating efficiency for the reason given below. First of all, the internal forces, namely the effects of galling, dampness and electrostatic force caused by tight material, increase the resisting force through mesh holes. Moreover, under the restriction of mesh holes the particles can only pass through one by one. So the capacity and the speed is largely limited. A vibratory screen with mesh takes advantages of higher efficiency than traditional one without vibration. Typically, it consists of a vibrating screen with mesh, a vibrator and a support system. Vibrating improves the condition that particles get through mesh holes, thus increases the operating efficiency. This makes a great progress relative to the tradition type. However, it doesn't give up the basic principles of screen with mesh, so can't overcome its inherent shortcomings.
All kinds of screen with mesh suffer a great deal of restriction in application because one norm of mesh can only meet the case of one granularity. To classify particles with different granularity, different screen surfaces must be used. To realize it at the same time, multi-screen or combination of screen surfaces must be considered Obviously, this sophisticates the industrial art, raises the costs. What's more, choke, especially in the case of small particles and small mesh holes, often interrupts production, which greatly lowers the efficiency, even disables the screening. The vibratory screen with mesh that makes use of water or air as medium can make up for most of these shortcomings. But the complexity of mechanical structure, the high cost, the waste of water and the fact that some material doesn't fit to be soaked all limit its application. What's worst, breaking of mesh holes usually makes all the previous screen sizing performed by such setup with mesh wasted.
In the mineral-dressing industry, a concentrating machine without mesh is commonly used. For instance, jiggers, both the wind power jigger and the waterpower one, utilize the character rooting in different density, thus separate material of different density. But it can't separate particles according to their granularity. Therefore, strictly sealing, such sieving equipments as jiggers are just accumulating equipments, not screening ones, and can only be applied to special fields.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,472,379 describes a stratifying technique for material, which includes a separating equipment composing of an oblique slot, a vibrator and a support. When operating, the input of the slot does a peripheral motion in a plane and the outlet does a horizontal motion to stratify particles of low density into the upper layer and particles of high density into the lower one as a result of gravity. It's specially pointed out that the technique and equipment can only separate rubber, fiber and similar material with density difference of about 3-4 times. So the application is quite limited In particular, the stratifying technique can't also separate particles by their granularity.
In the industrial and agricultural production, screen by granularity is most necessary. And the foreground is very promising. Therefore developing a new screen equipment with wide application, high efficiency, simply suture and high reliability to overcome the shortcomings of traditional separating techniques and equipments makes an extremely practical sense.
Screen by granularity essentially classifies particles of the same kind or the same density according to the size. Based on this cognizance, we invent a screenless vibratory separator.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
One object of the invention is to overcome the low efficiency of the traditional screen with mesh and to develop a high-efficiency mediumless screening equipment. It bears no restriction of norm, inherent for screen with mesh, and the resisting force when particles passing through. And particles are stratified and separated continuously instead of screened one by one. So the separating efficiency increases greatly.
Another object is to break through the applying limitation of the screen with mesh and to provide a screen equipment that can select arbitrary granularity. And the equipment can also classify different granularities by one separator.
The vibratory screen without mesh in this invention differs from the traditional vibratory screen with mesh in principles. For the latter, vibration just speeds up the underflowing particles through the mesh holes and the separation is realized simply by bulk selection. For the former, however, vibration lets the mixing material of the same kind or the same density shake up and down by the meshless material trough with flat bottom plate. With gravity and unequal dropping resisting force, material continuously stratify, bigger ones into the upper layer and smaller into the lower. The stratified particles are led out using a special method.
A screenless vibratory separator for separating material of the equal density, consists of a material trough; a vibrating assemble for shaking said material trough; a blade(s) for guiding the stratified particles by vibrating material in said material trough; and a adjuster for the blade(s). The blade tilts in the trough, the upper side of said blade is pivotally joined on a corresponding horizontal axis at the outlet of the material trough and the lower side of said blade forming an acute angle with the bottom of the trough. The material trough have a flat bottom plate supported by a one-freedom frame for making a one-freedom swing. The vibrating assemble consists of vibrators mounted on the material trough in pair and symmetrically to its transversal or longitudinal central line. Each pair of vibrators rotates in the opposing direction, at the same frequency, making a phase difference of 180 degrees, so that restricting the material trough vibrating with only one degree of freedom towards the direction of the front-top part of the outlets. The acute angle is 0-9 degrees and the angle of the upper blade be 1-3 degrees is bigger than that of the lower.
The material trough is an open slot with flat bottom plate, supported by a one-freedom frame. It does one-freedom, i.e., unidirectional, vibration. An outlet is formed at the bottom near the output end.
The one-freedom frame consists of two or more groups of parallelly, aslant, uniformly installed main supports and one or more elastic shock-absorb supports. The upper part of each main support and lower part of each main support are respectively connected with the material trough and the base by horizontal axes. All main supports and the base form the same acute angle, connecting axes of the trough as fulcrums. At the upper part each group of the main supports joins by way of axis the same amount of parallel elastic shock-absorb supports, whose lower part is fixed on the base. The main support and the shock-absorb support, angling 85-95 degrees, jointly uphold the material trough. In addition to supporting, the elastic shock-absorb support can also produce counterforce to strengthen vibration and to have the trough do effective one-freedom, i.e., unidirectional, vibration. The vibrators are mounted on the material trough in pairs symmetrical to its transversal or longitudinal central line. At the same frequency, each pair of vibrator rotates in the opposing direction, making a phase difference of 180 degrees, which restricts the material trough to vibrate one way towards the front-top part of its outlet. The b

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