Optics: measuring and testing – By dispersed light spectroscopy – For spectrographic investigation
Reexamination Certificate
2001-10-09
2003-09-09
Font, Frank G. (Department: 2877)
Optics: measuring and testing
By dispersed light spectroscopy
For spectrographic investigation
C356S300000, C382S278000, C382S165000, C382S191000, C382S211000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06618138
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Recognition based on fluorescent emission (spectrum) from materials has become a very important area in recent years. See
Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy: Springer Series in Chemical Physics, Vol.
65, Rigler, Rudolf; see also
Special Issue in optical Engineering Opt. Eng.
37, 453-467 (1998). Advantageously, the spectrum of the fluorescence emitted from a certain material is a unique characteristic of that material, and can be considered as a finger print identification of it. Recognition based on fluorescence and the spectrum has been used in a variety of areas, including spectroscopy fluorescent microscopy, See R. B. Dorshow, J. E. Bugaj, B. D. Burleigh, J R. Dunean, M. A. Johnson and W. B. Jones,
“Noninvasive fluorescence detection of hepatic and renal function,” Journal of Biomedical optics,
3, 340-345 (1998),
IEEE engineering in medicine and Biology
(
September and October issue
1999),
Regarding Interpretation of images see
http://creatis-www.insa-lyon.fr/recherche/thfus/demos/accueil_demos.html;
Regarding DNA sequencing, biochemistry, biophysics, and cell biology analysis, biology, medical diagnostics: see
TOOLS
&
TECHNOLOGY Fluorescence Spectroscopy Methods Reveal Biomolecules' Dynamics
http://www.the-scientist.lib.upenn.edu/yr1995/june/tt
—
950612.html web site related to biology. Regarding medical diagnostics in vivo monitor hemoglobin-myoglobin oxygen saturation in localized regions, see Carol B. Murray and Gerald M. Loughlin,
“Making the most of pulse oximetry,” Contemporary Pediatrics
12, 45-62 (1995).
Thus, in the past, many papers have been published in this area. The spectrum, which is emitted from the samples being examined, is collected and sent to digital processing system or serial electronic system for analysis. In most cases these digital processing systems use computational algorithms for analysis and recognition of the materials. The digital processing or serial electronic signal on full image pixel by pixel can be very time consuming.
For some applications, such as biopsy analysis, speed of processing may not be critical. However, there are other applications, for example, where a doctor needs to recognize abnormal tissues in the body at the time of the operation, or in agricultural other similar applications when a pilot needs to recognize and treat an unhealthy crop as he is in flight. Or consider the problem when an environmentalist must recognize and simultaneously treat a problem in pollution. Such problems are not easy yet to resolve in real-time.
Therefore in accordance with the present invention, I am proposing a new spatial fluorescence spectroscopic associative memory-correlator for recognition and classification. This system can be used for multipurpose applications. They include the following: (1) fluorescent microscopy (2) endoscopy (3) DNA analysis (4) all forms of spectroscopy, including optical, X-ray and -ray, neutron, electron, molecular spectroscopy. References in the solid state physics literature cite examples for the various forms of spectroscopy. For X ray spectroscopy, see for example Kittle,
Introduction to solid state physics.
The principal applications of this system are in the medical, food, chemical and biotech industries. In the medical area, this system may be used in variety of applications involving, for example, infrared pathology for diagnostics relating to various forms of cancer such as: cervical, colon, skin, breast, brain, oral, prostate, thyroid, leukemia. In addition, this system may be used in diagnosing various neurological disorders such as alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and a number of cardiovascular disorders. The use of this system can be extended further to include arthritis diagnostics because of a difference between infrared spectra of synovial fluid from healthy and diseased joints. Further, this technique may allow us to assess the effects of drugs on joint physiology, thereby providing an aid in clinical monitoring and treatment.
This system can also be used in infrared clinical chemistry for example, in the analyses of common biological fluids such as blood/serum or urine, or diagnostics of less common biofluids such as amniotic fluid, saliva or synovial fluid.
Further applications may involve infrared imaging and in-vivo spectroscopy Including (1) monitoring of tissue physiology, tissue oxygenation, respiratory status and ischemic damage. (2) In the study of calcified tissue and in dermatologic and cosmetic applications such as evaluation of fingernail health status, assessment of UV photodamaged skin, or assessment of anti-psoriatic drugs (3) In applications for critical care and reconstructive surgery or as a tool for non-invasive blood glucose determination. (4) In non-invasive near-IR spectroscopy to monitor hemoglobin-myoglobin oxygen saturation in localized regions of peripheral tissue. (5) In conjunction with a fiber-optic cable connected to the excitation source which radiated the whole heart and measured the calcium released as a function of flow to the coronary vessels. In dental treatment for detecting decay based on spectroscopic emission (
Laser Focus
February 1999, p34).
A fluorescence correlation spectroscopy technique already has been used as a diagnostics tool in various areas: (see
First Edition Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy: Springer Series in Chemical Physics
, Vol. 65, Rigler, Rudolf nucleic acid analysis, study of protein-ligand interaction, high throughput screening, antibunching and rotational motion, drug discovery, spatial correlations on biological surfaces, identification of alzheimer and Prion aggregation and confocal optics for single and 2-colo, flavine-enzymes.
Systems of the present invention can be also used in conjunction with Raman spectrometers. Raman spectroscopy is one of the main tools used in analysis various solid state material. These days the use of Raman spectroscopy has been extended to include the food industry (
FoodTechnology, January/Febrary
2001, p 43), biotechnology, and the medical area. In the chemical industry, this system can be set in conjunction with the spectrometer to perform strait forward recognition of materials or compounds, thereby by eliminating the need for spectroscopic tables, or search engines based on dada base software. In food biotech industry because this industry relies on using all forms of spectroscopy including mass spectroscopy (
FoodTechnology, February
2001, P 62) infrared spectroscopy (
FoodTechnology,January/Febrary
2001; for
identifying foreign matter in food
p 55, or
bacteria and micro-organisim
p. 20 or
in aid of kitchen cleaning systems employing nozzles.
p 53. In metrology, material science and microelectronic industries. (See
novel laser atomic fluorescence spectrometer for
environmental and biomedical analyses of heavy metals
Dergachev, Alex Y.; Mirov, Sergey B.; Pitt, Robert E.; Parmer, Keith D.; AA (Univ. of Alabama/Birmingham;
Proc. SPIE
Vol. 2980, p. 381-389,
Advances in Fluorescence Sensing Technology III,
Richard B. Thompson; Ed. Publication Date: May 1997.
See also
Analysis of rocking curve measurements of LiF flight crystals for the objective crystal spectrometer on SPECTRUM
-
X
-
GAMMA
Halm, Ingolf; Wiebicke, Hans-Joachim; Geppert, U. R.; Christensen, Finn E.; Abdali, Salim; Schnopper, Herbert W.; AA(
Max-Planck-Institut fuer Extraterrestrische Physik
)
AD
(
Danish Space Research Institute
); Publication:
Proc. SPIE Vol.
2006, p. 11-21,
EUV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Instrumentation.
All of these industries use virtually all forms of spectroscopy, X ray, neutron, electron spectroscopy, spectroscopy (
Physics Today
1996
Buyer Guide,
A product by Amptek. Inc, Bedford Mass.). For example the Laue and Powder machines use the X ray spectroscopy to analyze the crystallographic structure of the material.
Various systems of the present invention can have two ports, one port is the correlation port, and the other port is the associative memory port. Y Owechko, “
Nonliear holographic associative memories,” IEEE J
Font Frank G.
Lauchman Layla
Nathans Robert
LandOfFree
Scanning fluorescent systems for various diagnostic does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Scanning fluorescent systems for various diagnostic, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Scanning fluorescent systems for various diagnostic will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3029080