Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting – deodorizing – preser – Analyzer – structured indicator – or manipulative laboratory... – Means for analyzing liquid or solid sample
Reexamination Certificate
1993-09-07
2002-05-28
Snay, Jeffrey (Department: 1743)
Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preser
Analyzer, structured indicator, or manipulative laboratory...
Means for analyzing liquid or solid sample
C436S139000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06395228
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to the field of on-stream analysis, particularly to sampling systems designed to provide stable samples; e.g. of gasoline to an analyzer; e.g., a near-infrared analyzer, commonly class 250, subclass 343 or 341.
2. Description of the Prior Art
U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,575,488 and 3,961,898 each use an on-line analysis instrument with a debubbler upstream to separate bubbles deliberately added between sequential samples.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,963,745 to Maggard et al. determines research, motor, and pump octane by infrared absorbance.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
1. GENERAL STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION
An NIR sampling system designed to provide a stable gasoline sample stream to an NIR analyzer. Preferred design elements include a temperature-controlled stream moving through an inverted coalescer whereby gas bubbles are removed through an overhead stream. Elevated pressure is used to reduce degassing as well. Prototype fuels are a central feature of the present invention and can be injected to calibrate the instrument and to demonstrate or improve accuracy before and/or after analysis of a sample.
2. Utility of the Invention
The present invention is useful for the preferred NIR fiberoptic probes and other NIR probes, but can also be used for salt plates, quartz curettes, transmission cells, and heavy metal fluoride fiberoptic materials; e.g., zirconium fluorides and for other methods of analysis; e.g., colorimetry and infrared, as well as Fourier Transfer Infrared (FTIR). Fourier Transform near infrared can be used. The invention can also be used with multivariate spectrophotometers that are calibrated by developing a correlation between their spectral data and a physical or chemical property by some other primary reference method, e.g. such as a knock engine, GC PIANO, etc. Details of multivariate spectrophotometric calibration techniques for NIR, mid-IR, FT-NIR, and FT-IR spectrophotometers can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,963,745 to Maggard; U.S. Pat. No. 5,243,546 to Maggard, and in the references cited therein.
Essentially these techniques involve obtaining spectral data and developing a correlation using a statistical technique such as PLS, principle component regression, or multiple linear regression to develop the correlation between the spectral data and the physical or chemical property data of the samples obtained by some other analytical reference method.
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Mark, H. “Advances in Near Infrared Analyzer Technology” Chemical Processing, Feb. 1991, pp. 54-58.*
“The Collins Swirlklean Bypass Filter”, Collins Product Company, Livingston, TX.
“Filtrine One Pass Chillers”, Bulletin 601-½ 5/89, Filtrin Mfg Co., Harrisville, NH.
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“Rating Octane of Gasoline by Near Infrared Spectroscopy”, Chemometrics Appl. Note, Infometrix.
“Nondestructive Analytical Proc. for Simulataneous Estimation of the Major Classes of Hydrocarbon Constituents of Finished Gasolines”, Kelley et al. Anal. Chem. 1990 62, 1444-145.
Advances in Near Infrared Analyzer Technology Dr. H. Mark & Dr. G. Kemeny, Feb. 1991 Chemical Processing, pp. 54-58.
LT Appl. Note Industry Petroleum, “Determination of Octane Number by NIR,” LT Industry Rockville, MD.
“Near-Infrared Reflectance Analysis by Gauss-Jordan Linear Algebra”, DE. Honigs, JM Freelin, G.M. Hieftje, TB. Hirschfeld, Applied Spectroscopy, vol. 37, No. 6, 1983.
“Prediction of Gasoline Octane Numbers from Near Infrared Spectral Features in the Kanay 660-1215nm”, by JJ. Kelly et al., Analytical Chemistry, vol. 61, No. 4, Feb. 15, 1989.
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Higginbotham James H.
Maggard Steven M.
Walker Joseph H.
Marathon Ashland Petroleum LLC
Snay Jeffrey
Stone Richard D.
Willson Richard C.
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