Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – From carbohydrate or derivative as a reactant
Patent
1984-11-19
1986-05-06
Griffin, Ronald W.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
From carbohydrate or derivative as a reactant
527314, 5262382, 52623821, 52623822, 52623823, 604367, A61L 1500, C08F21612, C08F22004
Patent
active
045873194
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns liquid-absorbing products, in particular blood and urine. Its object is a salified acrylic allyloligosaccharide copolymer and its application as a superabsorbent in personal hygiene, in agriculture, and as a moisture stabilizer. Another object is an allyloligosaccharide as an intermediate product. A further object is a process for preparing said acrylic allyloligosaccharide copolymer.
STATE OF THE ART
Two known documents of applicant already describe acrylic allyloligosaccharide copolymers. U.S. Pat. No. 2,606,881 describes the polymerization of allyldisaccharide such as allysaccharose with an acrylic derivative. Allyldisaccharide is prepared by etherifying all or part of the eight alcohol groups by an allyl group. Thus, a maximum of eight allyl functions can be borne by a disaccharide, namely a maximal degree of substitution (DS) of eight. U.S. Pat. No. 2,606,881 describes an allylsaccharose containing 6.5 allyl groups per molecule. The products obtained following copolymerization of the allyldisaccharide derivative with the acrylic derivative in a ratio by weight near unity, however, offer no significant absorbing property at all when immersed in saline water at 35.degree. C. for 30 minutes in conformity with a standardized test described by Goldstein and Pierre (Marketing Technology Service, Sept. 16-18, 1981 - Absorbent Products Conference).
U.S. Pat. No. 2,798,053 discloses using acrylic allylsaccharose copolymers as ion-exchange resins. The allylsaccharoses offer a mean degree of substitution (number of allyl groups per saccharose molecule) exceeding 5 and are employed only at very low molar ratios. Moreover, they offer no absorbing property at all in the light of the above-cited test when they are copolymerized with an acrylic derivative. This document even states (Example 3) that if higher proportions of allylsaccharose are used, very hard polymers with little swelling are obtained. The invention goes against the disclosure of this document. The object of the invention on the contrary is to offer a new family of acrylic allyloligosaccharide copolymers with excellent absorbing properties.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the invention, the salified acrylic allyloligosaccharide copolymer is characterized by consisting in a chemically combined form of at least one allyloligosaccharide with a mean degree of substitution less than 4 per molecule and of at least one acrylic derivative with partly or totally salified carboxyl functions, said copolymer having a degree of retention, following 30 minutes in g/liter of salt/water, exceeding 8 g of saline water per gram of copolymer.
As regards the oligosaccharides, the mean degree of substitution (DS)is defined as the number of allyl groups which have replaced hydroxyl groups in that molecule. It is obvious besides that during allyloligosaccharide synthesis, a mixture will be obtained and that the mean degree of substitution is computed on the basis of that mixture.
In this application the term oligosaccharide denotes sugars with one to ten glucide groups which are chemically bound according to the terminology of the Chemical Abstract. The glucide groups may correspond to chains containing five or six preferably cyclic carbon atoms such as glucose or fructose and their stereochemical isomers. These oligosaccharides, for example, are obtained by hydrolyzing such polymer substances as starch, glycogen, cellulose. Among the oligosaccharides suitable for the invention, the mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrasaccharides are preferred, and among these the disaccharides are preferred. Among such illustratively are saccharose (sucrose in English), maltose, cellobiose, lactose. Saccharose is preferred in this present invention.
The allyloligosaccharides are prepared in known manner, for instance by etherification, using an allyl halide of an alcohol function. The reaction formula is given by: ##STR1## where R=oligosaccharide radical
This process is illustrated with respect to saccharose allylation in U.S Pat. No. 2,719,970. This formula shows that
REFERENCES:
patent: 2606881 (1952-08-01), Zief et al.
patent: 2719970 (1955-10-01), Griffin et al.
patent: 2798053 (1957-07-01), Brown
patent: 4076663 (1978-02-01), Masuda et al.
patent: 4094832 (1978-06-01), Soderberg
patent: 4094833 (1978-06-01), Johansson et al.
Beghin-Say S.A.
Breiner A. W.
Griffin Ronald W.
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