Movable or removable closures – With specified means to effect emergency release to closure
Patent
1985-03-06
1987-10-06
Kannan, Philip C.
Movable or removable closures
With specified means to effect emergency release to closure
16229, 49193, E05B 6510
Patent
active
046973850
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates, in general terms, to new door-block structures and supporting and rotary-guidance devices for doors, which improve the safety of persons.
Door frames used at the present time have high left and right rebates, which are oriented in the same direction, that it to say they allow the door to be opened only inwards or outwards, and the supporting and rotary-guidance devices, hinge pins, hinge plates or pivots which conventionally equip doors, are fixed and are located on the inside in relation to the normal opening direction, but it is not possible to unhinge a closed door from the outside. "Rebate" as used herein refers to the door-stopping molding or the like affixed to inward-facing surfaces of a door frame and forming a rabbet or edge against which the door rests when closed.
Now, such a possibility of unhinging would be entirely desirable, for example in order to free a child which has locked or bolted itself in a room and which no longer knows how to open the door, or in order to open a closed room via a door the lock of which is blocked.
For this purpose, the invention provides a new supporting and rotary-guidance device comprising at least one first receiving element designed to be fixed to the casing and a second receiving element designed to be fixed to the door, the two elements being capable of matching with one another and of being connected by means of a pivot inserted along their longitudinal axis, this device being characterised in that it incorporates control means accessible at least from the outer face of the door in relation to its normal opening direction and releasing the said pivot from one of the said receiving elements.
To do this, the control means can act either or the male part (pivot) or the female part (receiving element) of the device.
Thus, it is possible, from outside the room, to separate the two elements of the device, even though the latter is located on the other side of the door in relation to the person taking action.
In a preferred embodiment, the control means of the pivot are also accessible from the inner face of the door, so that a person shut in a room, the lock of which no longer operates, can free himself or herself.
It is also known that it is not unusual for persons to be taken ill in confined rooms, such as toilets or bathrooms, and if they happen to fall behind the door which opens inwards into the room it is impossible to rescue them without breaking open the door.
To remedy this situation, in recent blocks of flats the doors of such rooms open outwards. However, the disadvantage of this solution is that it makes it difficult to allow free movement in the coridoors which have to be widened at the expense of the habitable area; moreover, in old blocks of flats, it is often impossible to install statutory sanitary rooms because of a lack of space.
The object of the present invention is to overcome these disadvantages by making it possible to unhinge from outside a door which normally opens inwards, and for this purpose its subject is a safety door block which comprises, on the one hand, a casing which has no high rebate and the left and right rebates of which have a reversed profile, and, on the other hand, a door hinged on one side of the said casing by means of at least one pair of devices of the type mentioned above.
Because the high rebate is omitted and the profiles of the right and left rebates are reversed, the casing does not prevent the unhinged door from being removed outwards.
The invention is also used to reverse the opening direction of a door according to requirements, in which case the door can be hinged to the casing, which has no high rebate and the rebates of which have a reversed profile, in such a way that it normally opens inwards if this does not present any special problem for the user, whilst it can be hinged so as to open outwards if the flat is occupied, for example, by a handicapped person.
Another use of the invention is the production of a safety door block incorporating a fire-proof door capable of bei
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patent: 3166367 (1965-01-01), Vincens
patent: 3940886 (1976-03-01), Ellingson, Jr.
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