Fluid sprinkling – spraying – and diffusing – Distributor continuously moves relative to support during... – With impact motive means
Patent
1993-02-19
1994-10-11
Merritt, Karen B.
Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
Distributor continuously moves relative to support during...
With impact motive means
239233, 239252, B05B 316
Patent
active
053539893
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a rotating impact sprinkler of the type used to perform irrigation on an entire circumference or on partial sectors.
Known impact sprinklers of this type are generally placed on trolleys or supporting frames and comprise means for connecting a pressurized water column to a rotating joint, which in turn supports an assembly which rotates about the axis of said joint. Said assembly is essentially formed by a tubular body which has, at one open end, an adapted nozzle for generating a jet which is inclined with respect to the axis of rotation of the assembly. Propulsion and jetbreaking means are mounted on the tubular body and are generally constituted by one or more arms which oscillate about an axis which is substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the assembly and have one end suitable for periodically interacting with the jet. At said end affected by the jet, each oscillating arm is provided with one or more deflectors suitable for partially deflecting the jet, generating reaction forces which have components which are parallel and perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the assembly and cause a periodic oscillation of the arm and a stepwise rotary motion of the entire assembly.
In order to prevent the uncontrolled rotation of the assembly in excessively large incremental steps, which would not allow an effective irrigation, appropriate braking means are inserted in the rotation joint which supports the assembly and are intended to contrast the rotation of said assembly about its own main axis.
In order to perform irrigation on a limited angular sector it is necessary to periodically reverse the direction of rotation of the sprinkler about its main axis. Automatic mechanisms are normally provided for this purpose and are suitable for varying the angle of relative incidence of the deflector with respect to the jet, so as to reverse the direction of the reaction forces which act on the assembly in a direction which is perpendicular to its rotation axis. Said mechanisms are generally actuated by stroke limit abutments which can be arranged on the fixed part of the rotating joint at the ends of the irrigation sector.
An essential requirement for sprinklers of the above described type is that the rotation rate of the rotating assembly must be approximately constant as the pressure and flow-rate of the jet and the attitude of the sprinkler vary. In fact, if the axis of rotation of the sprinkler is inclined with respect to the vertical, the components of the reaction forces and of the braking forces may vary, altering the rotation rate of the sprinkler, with consequent modifications and non-uniformities in the irrigation conditions. Some sprinklers of the above described type are known which satisfactorily perform their task; DE-B-1151145, for example, discloses a sprinkler having a deflector member mounted on a rocking arm provided with a balance weight. These sprinklers, however, can be improved so as to eliminate some acknowledged disadvantages.
One of these disadvantages is constituted by the substantial non-uniformity in the operation of sprinklers at low water feed pressures, which become increasingly necessary in order to reduce facility management costs and in general to limit energy consumption. This non-uniformity in operation is furthermore always present in the initial startup step, since in practical use the pressure of the feed water must be increased gradually, passing from a minimum value to a maximum one. During this transient, the propulsion arm of the sprinkler, which is initially motionless, starts to oscillate with a limited frequency and extent which increase gradually up to the steady-state values. Correspondingly, the interruptions of the jet are initially nil or minimal and increase progressively until they become complete and constant. Now, if the sprinkler is not designed correctly, this transient condition can last for an excessively long and sometimes indefinite time, with the consequence that the jet is not interrupted and digs a hole i
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patent: 4231522 (1980-11-01), Drechsel
patent: 4669663 (1987-06-01), Meyer
patent: 4813605 (1989-03-01), Fuller
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