Fluid sprinkling – spraying – and diffusing – Distributor continuously moves relative to support during... – Distributor with diversely shaped or oriented terminal...
Patent
1992-12-24
1994-10-04
Merritt, Karen B.
Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
Distributor continuously moves relative to support during...
Distributor with diversely shaped or oriented terminal...
239251, 239271, 239544, 169 70, B05B 306, A62C 3105
Patent
active
053518918
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to spray heads for converting a liquid at high pressure into an enveloping spray around the head. Such a spray head may for instance form part of a high-pressure spray gun, for example a water spray gun for extinguishing fires. The invention also relates to high-pressure spray guns incorporating such a spray head.
Many different types of spray head are known, one example being the type of garden or agricultural sprinkler that has a rotating arm having jet nozzles at its ends. The arm is rotated by water pressure so that water Is sprayed over a circular area around the sprinkler. At any given moment, a given point in this area may not be under the water, which moves in a circle.
Another type of sprinkler has a head that has jet nozzles distributed around a circumferential surface to produce a continuous water spray.
An object of the present invention is to provide a spray head, and/or a spray gun, that gives an intense spray of substantially atomised particles of water or other liquid within a space around the spray head, such as not merely to deposit the water on the ground or floor, but to fill the space to a substantial extent. This is important, in particular, in connection with fire-fighting, but the invention is not confined to such applications: it can for example find application in process industries where the above space-filling facility may be of advantage.
According to the invention in a first aspect, a spray head for converting a liquid at high pressure into an enveloping spray around the head, is characterised in that it comprises a hollow cylindrical shell having a barrel portion of circular cross section, the head having at least one bearing surface for mounting it for rotation about its axis, the head having means substantially closing it ahead of the barrel portion when so mounted, but being open axially behind the barrel portion for receiving the high-pressure liquid within the latter, the barrel portion having groups of jet orifices arranged around its circumference and formed through its wall , each group comprising at least two orifices having generally convergent axes orientated so as to be closest to each other in a mixing region at or Just outside the outer cylindrical surface of the head, and the axis of at least one orifice in each group being non-radial.
Preferably, at least one said group includes an orifice so orientated as to direct a Jet of liquid in a direction such as to cause the head to rotate about its own axis.
At least one said group preferably comprises orifices arranged to pass liquid through them at different flow rates.
According to the invention in a second aspect, a spray gun is characterised by a hollow body adapted for connection to a high pressure liquid supply, the body being open at its downstream end and having mounting means carrying a spray head according to the said first aspect of the invention, the spray head being sealingly engaged in the body.
Preferably, the spray gun has a body in the form of a cylinder or tube, connectable at its rear end to a source of a fluid under pressure and open at its front end. The spray head may then be a piston housed coaxially in the body, and spring means for biassing the piston towards the rear so that it normally lies substantially wholly within the body.
The mounting means may then be a shaft, arranged coaxially With the tube and projecting sealingly out through the front part of the piston. This shaft is rotatable in the tubular body and is hollow, projecting beyond the front end of the body and, optionally, terminating in a jet nozzle. The shaft is preferably arranged to be driven in rotation, by any suitable drive means.
The shaft can even carry at its leading end a drill of approximately the same outer diameter as the cylinder containing the piston, this drill being adapted for drilling through a wall or other part of a building by trepanning; the leading end of the hollow shaft lies within the drill.
The jet nozzles of the spray head are so arranged that the liquid forced under pressure t
REFERENCES:
patent: 839523 (1906-12-01), Taber
patent: 1756582 (1930-04-01), Butler
patent: 2813753 (1957-11-01), Roberts
patent: 2993650 (1961-07-01), Badberg
patent: 4271909 (1981-06-01), Chatfield, Jr. et al.
patent: 4697740 (1987-10-01), Ivy
Hansen Bjorn R.
Hansen Leno B.
Merritt Karen B.
Schindler Edwin D.
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