Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps – Runner has spirally arranged blade or fluid passage – Extending along runner axis
Patent
1990-09-10
1992-08-18
Look, Edward K.
Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
Runner has spirally arranged blade or fluid passage
Extending along runner axis
415143, 415191, 4152081, 416177, F01D 500
Patent
active
051393913
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to machines that use kinetic energy and centrifugal force to carry out transfers between quantities of work and fluids and vice versa.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Known equipment such as propellers, centrifugal turbines, spiral centrifuges, etc. encounter well known difficulties as to the handling of fluids as soon as extreme conditions are approached, particularly in the case of a considerable increase in rotational speed. The minimum operating limits of such equipment is related to the suction pressure. Whenever the pressure in a liquid drops below the vapor pressure corresponding to its temperature, the liquid will vaporize, resulting in cavitation. To avoid cavitation, it is necessary to maintain a required net positive suction head (NPSH) which is equivalent to the total head of liquid at the equipment centerline less the vapor pressure. The use of the Archimedes screw having an increasing diameter over the longitudinal length of the screw, in the form of a discharge corkscrew, is the best known remedy to avoid cavitation of liquids or the exaggerated expansion of gases in the inlet of the equipment.
THE PRESENT INVENTION
The machine that is the object of the present invention enables these drawbacks to be attenuated by the direct introduction of the fluid into the interior of an Archimedes screw increasing in diameter to form a rotor, utilizing a circular chamber to guides and compresses the fluid vanes towards the rotor, designing the rotor with better aerodynamics of the rotor attacking edges and introducing guiding elements in the chamber.
The present machine is of the type comprising a rotary having at least one paddle shaped as a hollow spiral and at least one blade situated around the axis of rotation of the rotor. The present invention incorporates a circular rotor chamber externally enclosing the rotor which forms an input for bringing in the fluid and to prevent fluid from leaking from the machine.
In accordance with one feature of the present invention, the machine comprises a rotor having at least one blade and at least one paddle situated around the rotation axis of the rotor. The pitch and diameter of both the paddles and blades in the rotor may change as the blades and paddles progress from the front to the rear of the rotor. The machine further comprises a circular section of the rotor chamber upstream of the rotor. This section of the chamber comprises fluid compression elements which create a fluid input guide into the rotor. This section of the rotor chamber further acts to compress the fluid and prevent leakage of the fluid from the machine. The fluid is drawn into the rotor chamber by the rotor blades and rotor paddles. The rotor blades draw the fluid in such a manner so as to create a peripheral flow of fluid about the rotor. The rotor paddles, on the other hand, channel the fluid in such a manner so as to form a central flow of the fluid through the rotor chamber.
In accordance with another feature of the present invention, the profile of the revolution area swept by the attacking edge of the blade is delimited laterally on both sides of its axis of symmetry by a plane segment that is substantially parallel or slightly conical to the rotor axis at the rear of the rotor and then prolonged by a segment converging towards the front of the rotor. Stated in another manner, the blade revolution area profile takes on the shape similar to that of a dome. At the front of the rotor, the rotor paddle and rotor blades converge toward the central axis of the rotor. The pitch of the paddle and the blades at the front of the rotor are very similar and operate in unison to channel the fluid in the rotor chamber. The pitch of the rotor paddles relative to the central rotor axis is smallest at the front of the rotor and may increase as the paddle blades spiral outwardly from the rotor central axis and toward the rear of the rotor.
The rotor blades each have a curved peripheral edge in the rotational direction of the rotor. The rotor paddles each have two edges,
REFERENCES:
patent: 481882 (1892-08-01), Woodruff
patent: 624761 (1899-05-01), Dingman
patent: 1307834 (1919-06-01), Ryan
patent: 3806278 (1974-04-01), Grennan
patent: 4019829 (1977-04-01), Knopfel et al.
patent: 4990053 (1991-02-01), Rohne
Look Edward K.
Verdier Christopher M.
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