Internal-combustion engines – Rotating cylinder – Radial
Patent
1995-02-23
1998-02-24
McMahon, Marguerite
Internal-combustion engines
Rotating cylinder
Radial
F02B 5708
Patent
active
057202419
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention concerns a rotary cylinder machine and, in particular, a two-cycle internal combustion engine or a compressor of the rotary cylinder type.
A two-cycle internal combustion engine of the rotary cylinder type is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,739,756. This internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder rotor having a plurality of cylinders arranged at like angular distances apart about the axis of rotation of the cylinder rotor. The pistons, radially displaceable in the cylinders, are supported by articulated connecting rods on a single common eccentric bearing of a crankshaft firmly connected with a housing surrounding the cylinder rotor. Intake and exhaust ports which, as customary in two-cycle internal combustion engines, are controlled, i.e., opened and closed, by the radially outer edge of the piston, are provided in the cylinders for gas exchange. Stationary gas exchange channels are provided in the side walls of the housing axially on either side of the cylinder rotor, past which cylinder-side gas-exchange channels, ending at one end at the gas-exchange ports, in each instance move at their other end, like a rotary slide valve control, in the course of rotation of the cylinder rotor.
The two-cycle internal combustion engine disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,739,756 differs from conventional engines of the star type of construction wherein the pistons, displaceable in cylinders arranged starlike radially but stationary, work on a rotating crankshaft, essentially in that in the internal combustion engine of U.S. Pat. No. 3,739,756 the crankshaft is stationary and the cylinders rotate instead. In engines of this type the length of stroke is comparatively great relative to the diameter of the pistons, with the result that in gas exchange comparatively long combustion chambers must be scavenged and filled in the direction of travel of the piston. It is relatively difficult to ensure sufficient scavenging of the combustion chambers, particularly since the peripheral surface of the cylinder available for the accommodation of gas-exchange ports is limited. Added to this is the fact that the kinematics of the crankshaft drive used there produces asymmetries of lifting motion, which also has an effect on the control angles and/or control times available for gas exchange. Lastly, the kinematics of articulated control rods has the effect that the radial thrust force of the piston cannot be optimally converted into a torque acting on the cylinder rotor, owing to which the utilization of power is reduced.
International Application WO90/15918 discloses another rotary cylinder machine usable as an internal combustion engine or as a compressor. The engine has a cylinder rotor, rotating about a first axis of rotation, which comprises three cylinder pairs displaced 120.degree. with respect to one another. The cylinders of each pair, running radial to the first axis of rotation, are arranged coaxial and are rigidly connected together by a common piston rod. The cylinder rotor surrounds a stationary housing in which a crankshaft surrounded by the cylinders is seated for rotation about a second axis of rotation arranged with a predetermined eccentricity to the first axis of rotation. The piston rods of each piston pair are each supported for rotation on an eccentric bearing of the crankshaft, whose eccentric disk is firmly connected with the crankshaft. The eccentric bearings define third axes of rotation, displaced at an angle of 120.degree. with respect to one another about the second axis of rotation, whose radial distance from the second axis of rotation is likewise equal to the predetermined eccentricity. In this way each piston pair, relative to the eccentric shaft, is supported fixed against rotation on the cylinder rotor even when its eccentric shaft momentarily coincides with the axis of rotation of the cylinder rotor. Support is effected exclusively through the two other piston pairs, without the cylinder rotor additionally having to be coupled, fixed against torque, by way of
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Hydraulics & Pneumatics, Jul. 1989, p. 49.
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