192 clutches and power-stop control – Clutches – Automatic
Patent
1991-11-21
1992-09-08
Lorence, Richard
192 clutches and power-stop control
Clutches
Automatic
74333, F16H 308, F16D 4108
Patent
active
051450429
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
My invention relates to transmissions and, in particular, to automotive transmission of the type which include a series of intermeshing gear pairs of differing gear ratios that are selectively engaged by overrunning clutches.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
Most automotive transmissions are one of two types, namely, standard shift transmissions or automatic transmssions. Both types provide for interconnecting a vehicle's engine with a drive train to the vehicle's wheels with different gear ratios. Standard shift transmissions are shifted between the different gear ratios by declutching the drive train, shifting a gear or coupling axially between gear pairs of different gear ratios, and reengaging the clutch. Automatic transmissions provide torque converters or other types of fluid couplings connecting various elements of planetary gear systems for shifting between different effective ratios of the planetary systems without disengaging a clutch. Also, the standard shift transmissions are manually controlled, whereas the automatic transmission are shifted automatically based on speed and torque levels being transmitted through the transmission.
Another less common type of transmission combines elements of both standard shift and automatic transmissions. Shifting between gear pairs of different gear ratios is accomplished without declutching the drive line, but the shifting is also done without using any planetary gears or fluid couplings. A pair of parallel driver and driven shafts is used to mount gear pairs of progressively varying ratio. Although all of the gear pairs are maintained in constant mesh, one gear member of each pair is connected to its associated shaft by an overrunning clutch. The clutches may be engaged in response to one direction of relative rotation between the respective gear members and their associated shaft and disengaged in response to the opposite direction of the same relative rotation. Control arms are also used to selectively deactivate the overrunning clutches so that the clutches cannot be engaged in response to either direction of relative rotation.
Three conditions must be fulfilled to engage any one of the overrunning clutches. First, the respective control arms must be moved to a position which does not deactivate the overrunning clutches; second, the clutches must be indexed to positions at which they may be engaged; and third, relative rotation between the respective gear members and associated shaft must be in a particular direction.
For example, the transmission may be maintained in the so-called "neutral" position by moving the control arms to positions which deactivate all of the overrunning clutches. The so-called "first gear" position is achieved by moving one of the control arms to a position which enables the overrunning clutch associated with a gear member of the highest gear ratio pair to be activated. The overrunning clutch is subsequently indexed to the position at which it is engaged by relative rotation in a direction which transmits drive power from a vehicle's engine to its wheels. "Second" and higher gear positions are achieved in a similar manner by moving the control arms of the lower gear ratios into positions which enable their associated clutches to be subsequently engaged.
However, when the transmission is positioned in second gear or higher, it is not necessary to move the respective control arms of the first or lower gears to a deactivated state. Relative rotation between the gear members and associated shaft of the higher gear ratios (e.g., first gear) is in a direction opposite to the relative rotation of the engaged lower gear ratio (e.g., second gear), and the opposite relative rotation of the higher gear ratios automatically disengages their overrunning clutches. Once disengaged, the respective gear members of the higher gear ratios freewheel on their associated shaft.
SU, A, 1237824 (Kononchenko et al.) discloses an automotive transmission of the just above-described type including a driver and a driven shaft mounting a serie
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Lorence Richard
Trousdell William O.
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