Plant protecting and regulating compositions – Plant growth regulating compositions
Patent
1994-12-02
1996-07-23
Clardy, S. Mark
Plant protecting and regulating compositions
Plant growth regulating compositions
504136, 504206, 504212, 504213, 514395, 514494, 514944, 71DIG1, A01N 2504, A01N 4718, A01N 4736, A01N 5704
Patent
active
055389368
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This application is a national stage application filed under 35 USC 371, on Dec. 2, 1994, from PCT/US93/03711, filed Apr. 27, 1993.
Aqueous suspensions of pesticides are well known in the art. For example, see International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (Applied Chemistry Division) "Pesticide Chemistry: Human Welfare and the Environment" Proceedings of the 5th International Congress of Pesticide Chemistry, Kyoto, Japan, 29 Aug.-4 Sep. 1982. The use of inorganic salts to reduce the solubility of an otherwise soluble pesticide acid, base or salt causing precipitation of the pesticide acid, base or salt, a process known as "salting-out," is also known in the art and traditionally taught in university Chemistry and Engineering Thermodynamics courses. For example, see D. J. Shaw, "Introduction to Colloid and Surface Chemistry," London Butterworths, 1966.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,936,900 teaches the use of carboxylic or inorganic acid salts to chemically stabilize sulfonylurea pesticides, or agriculturally suitable sulfonylurea salt dispersions.
Not disclosed or suggested in the prior art and the subject of the present invention are compositions of pesticides which are aqueous based, physically reversible structured-fluids which flow on application of shear and which spontaneously rebuild structure on standing.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention concerns a thixotropic pesticidal formulation comprising a pesticidal component, a structuring agent, and the balance to 100% being an aqueous medium wherein:
the pesticidal component is selected from the group:
the structuring agent is at least one anionic or cationic member selected from the group: agent is g) and at least one of e) and f), such that e) and g) bear dissimilar charges, or when e) is not present, f) and g) bear dissimilar charges; selected from at least one of e) and f), such that e) and c) bear dissimilar charges, or when e) is not present, f) and c) bear dissimilar charges;
the ingredients being present in the following amounts based on total weight of the formulation: polyelectrolyte, surfactant, and suspending agent comprising at least 4%; and
The term "pesticidal component" is meant to include any chemical used for crop protection or mixture of said chemicals. More specifically, ingredients are selected from the class of herbicides, fungicides, bactericides, insecticides, insect antifeedants, acaricides, miticides, nematocides and plant growth regulants. Herbicides include sulfonylurea herbicides which are meant to include the entire class of herbicides containing the following and any closely related chemical functionalities: ##STR1##
Pesticidal components which are classified as "electrolytes" dissociate (separate) into two or more ions in water. Conversely, "non-electrolytes" do not dissociate in water.
Suitable "polyelectrolytes" of the invention can be either cationic or anionic, and include all water-swellable or water-soluble polymers which bear more than one ionic functional group per each macromolecule.
"Surfactants" consist of molecules lower in molecular weight than polyelectrolytes which are surface active and which bear one or two charges per molecule.
A "suspending agent" can be clay and oxide particulates which are traditionally used to retard settling in both aqueous and non-aqueous based suspensions.
"Dissimilar charge" is defined such that the electronic energy of the substances are of different signs. Electrolytes, polyelectrolytes, surfactants, and suspending agents which have cationic polymer or surface-active portions are positively charged [i.e., sign is (+)], those which have anionic polymer or surface-active portions are negatively charged [i.e., sign is (-)], and pesticides which are non-electrolytes are not charged (i.e., neutral). For example, a cationic polyelectrolyte has a dissimilar charge to an anionic suspending agent and to a non-electrolyte pesticide. Conversely, two cationics or two non-electrolytes would have similar charge.
This invention also concerns a method for protecting c
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Miyamoto, J. et al., "Pesticide Chemistry: Human Welfare and the Environment", International Union of Pure Applied Chemistry, 4, 245-256, Aug. 29--Sep. 4, 1982.
Shaw, Duncan J., Introduction to Colloid and Surface Chemistry, 206 (1966).
Clardy S. Mark
E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
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