Surgery – Truss – Perineal
Patent
1989-07-21
1991-12-10
Coven, Edward M.
Surgery
Truss
Perineal
128 17, A61B 1702
Patent
active
050708600
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The mechanical devices for the retraction of human or animal tissues have to make it possible to see the subjacent anatomic elements, thereby making visible an operative area. These devices for making accessible previously concealed tissues are particularly useful in connection with microsurgical operations, particularly of the eye or for the functional exploration of the latter They enable the edges of a cutaneous incision to be kept spaced apart, without any force other than that provided by the said device.
Known at the present time are numerous devices which have for their purpose to retract the eyelids and to hold them spaced from the eyeball. In particular, one example of such a device is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,037,589. This device is very rudimentary and comprises only a metallic loop, the concave ends of which permit the retraction of the eyelids. Another example of known device is described in U.S. Pat. No. 1,706,500; this device is also rudimentary in that the spoon badly fit to the eyelid, furthermore the coplanar arrangement of the arms does not permit the desired raising for a surgical operation. All these devices are inscribed in the strategy of the operative safety, the analysis of which is the condition for the actual success of the surgery. This analysis comprises an exhaustive study of all the instruments which are to be used by the surgeon, particularly for the retraction of the eyelids, which is a preliminary step in connection with any eye operation. All the basic elements of this surgery are described in the book entitled EYE SURGERY, Georg Eisner Springer Verlag, 1980. Pages 73 to 78 in particular give information concerning the particular mechanical properties which have to be possessed by the devices which are related to the said description. It is particularly mentioned therein that the eyeball should no longer be in contact with the rims of the eyelids, nor the retractor proper. It has now been found that the existing devices do in fact have numerous disadvantages.
Therefore it is also the object of the present invention, such as claimed herein, to obviate these disadvantages by providing a retractor device for human or animal tissue, comprising two arms, which are each terminated at one of the ends by a spoon, the other end being connected to a casing, characterized in that the spoons have two curvatures adapted to the palpebral circle and to the curvature of the eyeball. One embodiment of the retractor device according to the invention is now to be described, by way of example, by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a view of the retractor device, seen in elevation and showing its application during an eye operation,
FIG. 2 is a detail view of the spoons and the casing,
FIG. 3 is a detail view of the casing and its arbor.
The general arrangement, such as that shown in FIG. 1, is characterized in that the separate parts by which the desired object is achieved are : the spoons 2, the strips 7, the arms 1, the casing 3, the spindle 6, the ball-and-socket joint 5, the foot 4. All these elements are connected to one another in such manner that, once stuck on the temple, the device, by means of its arms, holds the lower and upper eyelids spaced and raised, from the time when their free edge is engaged in the concavity of the spoons 2. On the other hand, these latter are movable and articulated with the ends of the arms, in order to permit the desired raising, an action still maintained by the strips 7 bearing on the external face of the spoon 2 and held on the operative field by an adhesive. This mechanism assures the supplementary raising which could possibly be needed by the surgeon. The self-supporting character of this arrangement enables it to be used in the operating room and also in connection with certain functional explorations of the eye. In particular, this device permits the spacing apart and the raising of the eyelids, even on a seated patient.
The device as described comprises, at the end of each arm 1, a casing 3 in which is disposed a spri
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Eisner, Georg, Eye Surgery, An Introduction to Operative Technique (1980), pp. 73-80.
Coven Edward M.
Graham Mark S.
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