Retorting process

Details Retorting process Retorting process

1977-06-30

1979-01-09

Levine, Herbert

Mineral oils: processes and products

Phenolic or toxic oils

48197R, 48210, 201 12, 201 31, 208 11R, C10G 102

Patent

active

041337395

ABSTRACT:
A continuous process and apparatus are disclosed for the retorting or gasification of hydrocarbon-containing solids such as oil shale, coal, tar sands, etc., wherein the solids are retorted or gasified in a combined entrained and fluidized bed. A solid fluidized heat-transfer material flows downwardly through a conversion zone. Subdivided hydrocarbon-containing solids are introduced into a central portion of the conversion zone, with smaller particles of the solids being entrained and moving upwardly through the conversion zone countercurrent to the flow of the fluidized heat-transfer material, and larger particles of the solids being fluidized and moving downwardly through the conversion zone concurrent with the flow of the heat-transfer material. A fluidizing gas is injected into a lower portion of the conversion zone and a portion of the solids is combusted, providing the necessary heat for the conversion reactions. Substantially plug flow of the heat-transfer solid and the hydrocarbon-containing solids is maintained by including in the conversion zone means for impeding back mixing, such as a packing material filling the conversion zone.

REFERENCES:
patent: 2557680 (1951-06-01), Odell
patent: 2743216 (1956-04-01), Jahnig et al.
patent: 2895904 (1956-07-01), Jones et al.
patent: 3491016 (1970-01-01), Gomory

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