Surgery – Respiratory method or device – Means for supplying respiratory gas under positive pressure
Patent
1990-02-13
1991-09-17
Lewis, Aaron J.
Surgery
Respiratory method or device
Means for supplying respiratory gas under positive pressure
12820027, A62B 1802
Patent
active
050485164
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention refers to a respiratory mask, i.e. a device which has for its purpose to prevent inhalation of air which by some reason is estimated to be unsuitable to inhale for instance by containing poisonous gases such as welding fumes, exhaust gas from internal combustion engines and the like but also by containing pollen or other stuffs which can provide undesired reactions in persons with allergies.
Most of the respiratory masks which have been suggested in the past have been specially designed for one single purpose such as for protecting welders from welding fumes but above all they have proven to cause such discomfort and have such other negative properties in use that they have only been used in exceptional circumstances.
From the view of functions respiratory masks may be divided into two main groups. The first group are passive ones, which substantially comprise a hood which sealingly surrounds at least the respiratory organs and comprise a filter through which respiration takes place. The second group are active ones, by which a filtered air stream generated by a fan is directed towards the face of the user. Respiratory masks of the first cathegory may in most cases only be used for short times due to the big breathing resistance caused by the filter.
Respiratory masks of the second cathegory are usually so designed that they need stationary devices for generating the necessary pressurized air and the air streams cause irritation in the eyes of the user.
The majority of the resporatory masks are further such designed that they give the user a sense of being closed in and prevent in most cases speaking communication between the user and his neighbourhood.
The object of the invention thus has primarily been to provide a more universal respiratory mask which is not encumbered with the above-mentioned deficiencies and which further may be produced at a reasonably low cost and with such dimensions and such weight that it without difficulty or discomfort may be used during long periods of time and thereby give the user an effective protection against the harmful or disagreeable materials contained in the air at the same time as it eliminates the feeling of being closed in and offers a possibility to speek freely to persons in his enviroment. In order to accomplish these and further objects the invention has the characteristics of the patent claims.
In the accompanying drawing an exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown and
FIG. 1 is a side view partly in cross-section of a respiratory mask according to the invention and
FIG. 2 is a top cross-sectional view taken along line II--II in FIG. 1.
The respiratory mask illustrated in the drawing which has been given the general designation 1 comprises a container or cover 2 having the upper end thereof open and having a substantially vertical front wall 3 which as appears from FIG. 1 in the position of use is situated in front of a vertical plane through the foremost part of the users nose. The front wall 3 continues in side walls 4a, 4b which are shaped in such a way that they contact the cheeks at least by the inner portions 4a', 4b' by means of internal sealings. At the lower end thereof the front wall 3 continues via a rounded transition in a bottom wall 5, which in the illustrated embodiment is inclined and ends in a combined sealing portion and pressure chamber, which in the illustrated embodiment has the shape of a hose made from a soft and flexible material such as softened plastic rubber or the like and which is intended to be applied against that portion of the users chin which is situated just below the under lip. A peripheral surface 16 of the hose 6 is further shaped in accordance with the user's face such that it seals against the portion just below the under lip as well as against the corresponding portions of the cheeks.
In order to keep the respiratory mask in place it may according to FIG. 1 have a chin-strap 7 a neck-strap 8 and a bowed portion 9 for each ear. The straps 7 and 8 may in a manner known per se be adjustable as
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