Surgery – Respiratory method or device – Means for supplying respiratory gas under positive pressure
Patent
1982-11-19
1985-09-10
Recla, Henry J.
Surgery
Respiratory method or device
Means for supplying respiratory gas under positive pressure
A61M 1600
Patent
active
045399840
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a respirator device intended both for controlled breathing of new-born and premature infants or of laboratory animals and for making the infants to adapt to natural breathing, which device can be used in hospital wards as well as during transportation. The respirator comprises respective oxygen and air receiving ducts, means for adjusting the composition of the oxygen-air mixture, a conduit for transporting the mixture, a patient junction coupled to the conduit, a respiratory beat generator and pressure adjusting valve means controlled by the beat generator.
BACKGROUND ART
In the field of perinatal medicine there are a large number of diseases in which controlled respiration is required due to the lack or insufficiency of breathing. In a significant parts of cases requiring such respiration the problem is caused by some kinds of pulmonary malfunction, however, certain other types of diseases (e.g. paralysis of the breathing center,) also require controlled respiration. Of the respiratory problems of new-born and premature infants the idiopathical distress syndrome has a high incidence and it forms a major factor in perinatal mortality.
The controlled respiration raises in perinatal medicine a number of special demands which are different from normal respiratory practice. For that reason the miniaturization of conventional respiratory devices cannot solve the specific problems of perinatal respiratory diseases. Although there are already a number of respirator devices designed particularly for use in perinatal medicine, everyday practice has shown that they could not solve in general the problems in this particular field and they proved to be useful in comparatively narrow fields of indications only.
The handling of pneumatically controlled respirators designed for perinatal medicine is often inconvenient and such respirators cannot be used for the treatment of a number of respiratory problems. For example, one problem connected with such respirators lies in that the pressure of the expirated gas cannot be adjusted to the required values. According to another problem in the expirating periods, pressures below the atmospheric value might take place i.e., the respiration with continuous positive pressure and the respiration with alternating positive pressure cannot be implemented, although such kinds of respiration are considered to be necessary for the respiratory treatment of new-born infants.
The above summarized problems are also connected with respirators controlled electronically, because in such respirators the possibility of adjusting the pressure of expirated gas below the atmospheric value is also not excluded.
Apart from these main problems conventional respirators do not meet the complex requirements of perinatal respiration when their other facilities like handling capabilities, adjustability and the performance in various breathing modes are considered.
The practice in perinatal respiratorial therapy necessitates that the mode of respiration should be brought in correspondence with the type of the actual respiratory problem. Those kinds of respirator devices are required which can provide for a controlled mechanical respiration with alternating positive pressure if the lack or insufficiency of spontaneous breathing is detected. This can be effected by an atmospheric pressure at the ending phase of the expiration, or by adjusting a slight positive pressure at the end of the expiration. In many respiratory disturbances it is required that the spontaneously breathing new-born or inmate baby breathe from a continuously streaming oxygen-air mixture with positive pressure.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to provide a respirator device which can meet the complex demands of perinatal respiration and which can be capable of providing respiration in a perinatal ward or, if it is required, during transportation. The respirator device should have various modes of operation that enable the therapy of respiratory problems of new-bor
REFERENCES:
patent: 2920622 (1960-01-01), Steel
patent: 3357428 (1967-12-01), Carlson
patent: 3611178 (1971-10-01), McConnell
patent: 3972327 (1976-08-01), Ernst et al.
patent: 4323064 (1982-04-01), Hoenig et al.
patent: 4357936 (1982-11-01), Ellestad et al.
Kiszel Janos
Nagy Laszlo
Papp Laszlo
Recla Henry J.
Vas es Moszeripari Szovetkezet
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