Refrigeration – Disparate apparatus utilized as heat source or absorber – With sorption
Patent
1989-02-27
1990-09-11
King, Lloyd L.
Refrigeration
Disparate apparatus utilized as heat source or absorber
With sorption
623242, 62335476, F25B 2700
Patent
active
049559311
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a resorptive thermal conversion apparatus combined with at least one compression machine and one expansion machine, such as a heat pump, a refrigeration machine or heat engine, which is operated with a binary refrigerant, preferably a mixture of ammonia and water, for the purpose of converting thermal energy supplied by an external heat source to thermal energy at a different temperature level, and which has two solution circuits coupled together in which thermal energy at different pressure and temperature levels is put in for the evaporation of the refrigerant or removed for absorption or resorption, while the gaseous component of the refrigerant, driven by evaporation at a low pressure level from the rich solution of the one solution circuit, [is compressed] by the compression machine to the higher pressure level of this solution circuit, and the gaseous component of the refrigerant of the other solution circuit, driven from the rich solution at the higher pressure level of the other solution circuit, is expanded by an expansion machine to the lower pressure level of this other solution circuit.
Known thermal conversion apparatus of this kind, operating with at least one compression machine and one expansion machine (DE-PS 35 36 953) and having two solution circuits, are more efficient developments of older known resorptive thermal conversion apparatus having two solution circuits (DE-PS 33 44 599, DE-PS 34 24 950). In the known thermal conversion apparatus the two solution circuits are operated independently of one another as closed solution circuits, and their continuous operation requires that the balance of quantity and concentration between the two circuits be equalized to avoid differences of concentration in the circuits due to different amounts of gaseous binary refrigerant components being exchanged between the circuits. While this was originally assured by exchanging the gaseous binary refrigerant component exclusively in vapor form in equal amounts and in the same concentration both on the high-pressure side and on the low-pressure side, and the matching of the concentration required the use of a rectifying column in the branch in which, without such rectification, one gaseous component would be exchanged with an excessively high concentration, the cost and complexity of the rectifying column in the above-mentioned known thermal conversion apparatus was reduced simply by the fact that, instead of the rectifying column, an additional equalizing connection was provided between the two solution circuits, through which liquid refrigerant was pumped in a controlled manner from one to the other solution circuit precisely in such an amount that concentration differences in the two solution circuits due to different amounts (and concentrations) of the gaseous refrigerant components exchanged on the high-pressure and low-pressure sides were compensated. Yet this still requires the continuous measurement of the amounts and concentrations of the refrigerant components exchanged in gas form and a corresponding control of the amount of the liquid refrigerant component flowing through the compensating connection. That is to say, even in these cases a complex control of the process is necessary.
It is the purpose of the invention to improve the known thermal conversion apparatus operating with at least one compression machine and one expansion machine such that the complexity of its apparatus and controls, and consequently the invested cost, will be reduced, while the apparatus will at least suffer no impairment of its efficiency, even when the conditions of operation in the two solution circuits changes.
Setting out from a thermal conversion apparatus of the kind described above, this purpose is accomplished in accordance with the invention in that the two solution circuits are coupled together by connecting the output of the one solution circuit, without the interposition of controlling or regulating means, to the return of the other solution circuit at a common average pressure l
REFERENCES:
patent: 4586344 (1986-05-01), Lutz et al.
patent: 4594857 (1986-06-01), Mucic
patent: 4745768 (1988-05-01), Schorr et al.
patent: 4777802 (1988-10-01), Hashizume
King Lloyd L.
TCH Thermo-Consulting-Heidelberg GmbH
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