Heat exchange – Regenerator – Heat collector
Patent
1994-09-16
1996-11-26
Rivell, John
Heat exchange
Regenerator
Heat collector
165 4, F28D 1700
Patent
active
055775535
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a regenerator having an annular heat-storage medium composed of bulk material and disposed between two coaxial cylindrical gratings, a hot collecting chamber enclosed by the inner, hot grating and a cold collecting chamber enclosed between the outer, cold grating, on the one hand, and the housing wall of the regenerator, on the other.
Such a regenerator is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,272,108. In the embodiment of the regenerator described in this publication, the hot collecting chamber is constructed with an open top and discharges into an outlet, provided in the upper part of the housing wall or in the roof of the regenerator, for the hot gases produced during the cold blasting.
The roof of the regenerator also spans the annular chamber, concentrically disposed around the hot collecting chamber, for the heat-storage medium, which is disposed between cold and hot grating. The heat-storage medium is composed of a bulk material having a particle size of 25 to 100 mm. Provided in the outside wall or the roof of the regenerator are openings through which the bulk material can be poured into the annular chamber.
The roof of the regenerator rests on the vertical housing wall of the regenerator, and specifically with the interposition of an ring beam for absorbing the thrust forces.
The annular chamber formed by the outer grating, on the one hand, and the housing wall of the regenerator, on the other, serves as collecting chamber for the cooled exhaust gases during the heating-up phase, but during the blast phase it serves to distribute the cold blast over the circumference of the regenerator or of the heat-storage medium. The result of this construction is that almost the entire outside skin of the regenerator comes into contact only with cold gas and a thermal insulation is therefore unnecessary.
The coaxially disposed inner, hot grating forms the boundary, on the one hand, of the hot side of the annular heat-storage bed and, on the other, of the cylindrical collecting chamber for the heated blast or it forms the distribution chamber for hot combustion gases. Said collecting chamber and, consequently, also the inner grating are permanently at high temperature and can therefore be constructed only from ceramic refractory components, but said ceramic components must provide an adequate permeability for the gases passing through. In particular, the use of bulk material having very small particle sizes as heat-storage medium implies that these components do allow the gases to pass through, but not parts of the bulk material.
Because of its varying temperature loading, said hot grating is subject to thermal expansions, which absolutely must be taken into consideration during its design. Thus, steps have to be taken to ensure, in particular, that gaps do not open up in the hot grating after cooling or it does not undergo alteration in its upper, open rim region in such a way that the relatively fine-grain fill can pass out of the annular chamber between cold and hot grating into the hot collecting chamber.
Thus, it is known to seal this region of the hot grating with seals in the form of a labyrinth of overlapping components, said components being made of metal because of the exposure to great heat and then having to be equipped with a water cooling system because of their linking to the outside wall of the regenerator.
The object of the invention is to eliminate said disadvantages, described above, and, in particular, to improve the operational reliability of the regenerator in this critical, hot region.
This object is achieved in a regenerator of the type mentioned at the outset, wherein the hot collecting chamber is closed off by a lid resting on the upper rim of the hot grating and there is provided, at a distance above the lid, a shield which is attached to the outside wall of the regenerator and is not physically linked to the lid.
The closing-off of the hot collecting chamber by providing such a lid ensures that, regardless of the thermal expansions taking place in the hot grating and
REFERENCES:
patent: 2272108 (1942-02-01), Bradley
patent: 2428461 (1947-10-01), Kinney et al.
patent: 3033544 (1962-05-01), Heuer
patent: 3134584 (1961-08-01), Agnew
patent: 3493344 (1970-02-01), Clair
patent: 4425764 (1984-01-01), Lam
Atkinson Christopher
L'Air Liquide Societe Anonyme pour l'Etude et, l'Exploitation de
Rivell John
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