Classifying – separating – and assorting solids – Sorting special items – and certain methods and apparatus for... – Separating means
Patent
1985-10-23
1988-08-02
Reeves, Robert B.
Classifying, separating, and assorting solids
Sorting special items, and certain methods and apparatus for...
Separating means
209635, 209642, 209645, 209692, 209707, 209930, B07B 1300, B07B 1500
Patent
active
047609257
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application contains subject matter related to application Ser. No. 06/807,781 filed Dec. 11th, 1985.
The invention relates to a sorting apparatus, particularly for segregating valuable materials from domestic garbage, industrial garbage, bulky garbage, dry garbage, and/or problematic and dangerous materials.
Such apparatuses and installations have already been proposed, in German Offenlegungsschrift No. 3,145,090 for example.
Reference is expressly made to the contents of this previously published application.
The underlying aim of the invention is to produce a complete sorting installation with individual sorting apparatuses for materials of the type mentioned initially, which are capable of flexible use, exhibiting low production costs and operating costs, and are robust in operation. It is further proposed to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art. It is a further aim to conform specific components of the installation in such a way that they are useful for sorting even when detached from the remainder of the installation.
This aim is achieved by the features of the independent claims.
The invention starts from the discovery that the disadvantages which occur in the prior art can be overcome only by an extremely flexible system of sorting the valuable materials. At the same time, minimum capital costs and the smallest possible personnel requirement should be sought. The installation according to the invention has, particularly, the advantage that a very wide range of quantities can be processed and a very wide variety of sorting functions can be performed. Due to the revolving sorting table, unsorted material passess repeatedly to a next, or finally to the same, sorting station in order to be segregated ultimately. The residual fraction is discharged selectively between the sorting stations, at the start or at the end of the sorting path.
According to the invention a sorting machine is provided which achieves a segregation of the two-dimensional parts from the three-dimensional parts by a combined belt system. A separation of the heavy three-dimensional parts from two-dimensional parts is achieved by the static friction of the inclined belt and by a catch curtain to restrain the light two-dimensional parts, by the trampoline effect on impact and by the vibratory movement of the vibratory device, and also by gravity. The fractions separated in this way are fed to the two concentrically oriented rings of the sorting table.
Advantageously, a brush wheel is further arranged at the end of the sorting machine, the soft bristles of which throw lighter parts such as paper, plastics or the like, away tangentially, whereas heavier parts such as glass bottles remain largely uninfluenced.
In the case of minor sorting functions, this sorting machine may also be used independently of the remainder of the installation.
An alternative solution according to the invention provides that an additional sorting machine is provided for the mechanical sorting of textiles, bands, strings, stockings, foil strips or the like. Any disadvantageous clogging of following devices can be avoided by this means.
As a further supplementation of the sorting installation, a valuable substance sorting machine is provided which separates mixed paper in advantageous manner, that is to say performs a separation of heavier two-dimensional paper material from lighter three-dimensional or crumpled-paper material or the like.
Advantageous apparatuses and machines of the sorting installation, according to the invention, are illustrated in the drawings and described more fully in the following description. In the drawing:
FIG. 1 shows the plan of a known apparatus with corresponding sections to illustrate the plane located beneath it,
FIG. 2.shows a section along the line I--I in FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 shows a side elevation of a sorting machine according to the invention for separating three-dimensional parts from two-dimensional parts,
FIG. 4 shows a plan of the machine according to FIG. 3,
FIGS. 5 and 6 show
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patent: 448394 (1891-03-01), Wheelan
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patent: 2114263 (1938-04-01), Heaslet
patent: 2116006 (1938-05-01), Thys
The National Institute of Agricultural Engineering; Agricultural Engineering Record", "Separation of Stones from Potatoes", vol. 2, Autumn, 1947-Summer, 1949, p. 40.
Fuchs Dieter
Stehle Wolfgang
Hajec Donald T.
Maschinenfabrik Bezner GmbH & Co. KG
Reeves Robert B.
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