Refrigeration – Vacuumized chamber with open vapor or gas outlet
Patent
1986-06-24
1988-06-07
Bennet, Henry A.
Refrigeration
Vacuumized chamber with open vapor or gas outlet
62500, 622385, 62513, 417174, F25B 1900
Patent
active
047488263
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a refrigerating system or a heat pump in accordance with the prior art part of claim 1, and to a jet pump which is particularly suitable for use in such system.
Such refrigerating systems which have no compressor and in which compression is effected in a jet pump have been described in numerous publications. An example used in conjunction with a refrigerating plant for use in chemical process technology has been described, for instance, in the periodical "Warmepumpenp", 1978, 161, 168, and constitutes a basis for the present invention.
In that system, water vapor under low pressure is delivered by an evaporative condenser and is used as motive vapor in a jet pump consisting of a vapor jet compressor to suck water vapor as entrainable vapor from a trickling-flow evaporator. The mixture of motive vapor and entrained vapor is then condensed in a condenser and is supplied to throttling means consisting of a standpipe, from which that portion of the vapor which is intended to form motive vapor is pumped back to the evaporative condenser and that portion which is intended to form entrainable vapor is returned vapor is returned to the evaporator through a heat exchanger, in which heat is supplied to the condensate. The condensate is only partly evaporated in the evaporator and the non-evaporated portion of the condensate is recycled to the circulatory system. In the evaporator the energy required for the evaporation is derived from the higher temperature at which the condensate is supplied so that the non-evaporated condensate is at a lower temperature as it leaves the evaporator.
That known refrigerating system just as other refrigerating systems which comprise a jet pump has the disadvantage that the evaporator consisting of a separate unit which is disposed outside the jet pump but closely adjacent thereto constitutes expensive equipment and sometimes requires a very large installation space so that it adds appreciably to the complication and cost of the refrigerating system. Besides, the generation of vapor outside the jet pump requires low-pressure vapor of low density to be transported in correspondingly large-volume conduit elements, which also add to the costs and increase the installation space.
In all known refrigerating systems and heat pumps provided with jet pumps as a compressor the ratio of the rate of entrained vapor to the rate of motive vapor, i.e., the volumetric efficiency, is relatively low so that such known refrigerating systems or heat pumps cannot be used economically unless motive vapor is available at low cost.
A further disadvantage resides in that the jet pumps of such refrigerating systems or heat pumps will operate optimally only close to the design point of the jet pump and will respond to changes of the pressure and temperature conditions by a drastic reduction of the volumetric efficiency.
For this reason it is an object of the present invention to provide a refrigerating system or heat pump which is of the kind described in the prior art parts of claims 1 and 7 and in which the jet compressor has a substantially higher volumetric efficiency.
That object is accomplished by the characterizing features of claim 1.
As a result, the evaporator consists in the simplest case of a wall of porous material, such as sintered metal, so that the action of the motive fluid to suck the entrainable vapor will result in a pronounced pressure drop depending on the thickness of said wall. The porous wall acts as throttling means. On the downstream side of the wall the suction action of the motive fluid results in a pressure depending on the throttling action of the wall. At the prevailing temperature of the condensate that pressure will always be lower than the evaporation pressure. A further decrease of that pressure is opposed by the evaporation of the condensate so that a dynamic equilibrium is obtained between the resulting pressure and the rate at which the condensate is evaporated as a further pressure drop would result in a higher rate of evaporation. It is thus ens
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Bennet Henry A.
Michael Laumen Thermotechnik Ohg.
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