Reflected-wave maser

Amplifiers – Parametric amplifiers – Semiconductor type

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331 94, H01S 100, H01S 102

Patent

active

039784177

ABSTRACT:
A number of traveling-wave, slow-wave maser structures, containing active maser material but absent the typical ferrite isolators, are immersed in a nonuniform magnetic field. The microwave signal to be amplified is inserted at a circulator which directs the signal to a slow-wave structure. The signal travels through the slow-wave structure, being amplified according to the distance traveled. The end of the slow-wave structure farthest from the circulator is arranged to be a point of maximum reflection of the signal traveling through the slow-wave structure. As a consequence, the signal to be amplified traverses the slow-wave structure again, in the opposite direction (towards the circulator) experiencing amplification equivalent to that achieved by a conventional traveling-wave maser having twice the length. The circulator directs the amplified signal to following like stages of amplification. Isolators are used in between stages to prevent signals from traveling in the wrong direction, between the stages. Because ferrite isolators are not used in the slow-wave structures, reduced signal loss is experienced at each stage. The high gain produced by each slow-wave structure is reduced to a moderate value by use of a nonuniform magnetic field which also broadens the line width of the maser material. The resulting bandwidth can be exceptionally wide. A plurality of such cascaded stages provides high gain, exceptionally wide bandwidth and very low noise temperature.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3064201 (1962-11-01), Damon
patent: 3076148 (1963-01-01), Schulz-Dubois et al.
patent: 3135925 (1964-06-01), Goodwin et al.
patent: 3299364 (1967-01-01), Buchmiller et al.
patent: 3729689 (1973-04-01), Godard et al.
Okwit et al., "Packaged . . . Traveling Wave Maser System", June 1962, pp. 1470-1483, Proceedings of the IRR.
Clauss, "Two Cavity Maser for Planetary Radar", May 1965, pp. 74-77, The Microwave Journal.
Tabor et al., "Masers for the Telstar Satellite . . . ", July 1963, pp. 1863-1886, Bell Tech. Systems Journal.

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