Reference electrode having a microfluidic flowing liquid...

Details Reference electrode having a microfluidic flowing liquid... Reference electrode having a microfluidic flowing liquid...

2003-07-15

2008-12-02

Bell, Bruce F (Department: 1795)

Chemistry: electrical and wave energy

Apparatus

Electrolytic

C204S433000

Reexamination Certificate

active

07459066

ABSTRACT:
A flowing junction reference electrode comprises a microfluidic liquid junction member situated between a pressurized reference electrolyte solution and a sample solution. The liquid junction member has an array of nanochannels spanning the member and physically connecting the electrolyte and the sample. The number of nanochannels in the array can be between 10 and 108. Preferably, the nanochannels are substantially straight and parallel to one another. The nanochannels can be coated to facilitate the flow of the electrolyte solution through the junction member. The nanochannels can have widths of between 1 and 500 nanometers, and the width of any one nanochannel is substantially equal to the width of any other nanochannel. The member can be manufactured out a polymer such as polycarbonate and polyimide, and may also be made of silicon, glass, or ceramic. In one embodiment, the reference electrode includes means for pressurizing the electrolyte solution.

REFERENCES:
patent: 2595042 (1952-04-01), Wyllie
patent: 3410779 (1968-11-01), Whitehead, Jr. et al.
patent: 3445368 (1969-05-01), Detemple
patent: 3463717 (1969-08-01), Koopman et al.
patent: 3528904 (1970-09-01), Cliffgard
patent: 3607702 (1971-09-01), Haller
patent: 3677844 (1972-07-01), Fleischer et al.
patent: 3756936 (1973-09-01), Neuwelt
patent: 3793176 (1974-02-01), Jerrold-Jones
patent: 3915829 (1975-10-01), Krebs
patent: 3917523 (1975-11-01), Stein et al.
patent: 3926765 (1975-12-01), Haddad
patent: 4002547 (1977-01-01), Neti et al.
patent: 4012308 (1977-03-01), Jerrold-Jones et al.
patent: 4177126 (1979-12-01), Imaki et al.
patent: 4366040 (1982-12-01), Marsoner et al.
patent: 4495052 (1985-01-01), Brezinski
patent: 4592823 (1986-06-01), Gregory
patent: 4592824 (1986-06-01), Smith et al.
patent: 4708776 (1987-11-01), Roth et al.
patent: 4818366 (1989-04-01), Yonco et al.
patent: 4886505 (1989-12-01), Haynes et al.
patent: 5264722 (1993-11-01), Tonucci et al.
patent: 5360529 (1994-11-01), Edwards et al.
patent: 5397452 (1995-03-01), Buck et al.
patent: 5470453 (1995-11-01), Nipkow et al.
patent: 5632876 (1997-05-01), Zanzucchih et al.
patent: 5641808 (1997-06-01), Gaffney et al.
patent: 6165336 (2000-12-01), Maki et al.
patent: 6495012 (2002-12-01), Fletcher et al.
patent: 6559409 (2003-07-01), Broadley et al.
patent: 6599409 (2003-07-01), Broadley et al.
patent: 6616821 (2003-09-01), Broadley et al.
patent: 7005049 (2006-02-01), Broadley et al.
patent: 7025871 (2006-04-01), Broadley et al.
patent: 2001/0045357 (2001-11-01), Broadley et al.
patent: 2002/0189943 (2002-12-01), Fletcher et al.
patent: 2003/0168354 (2003-09-01), Broadley et al.
patent: 2003/0178305 (2003-09-01), Catalano et al.
patent: 2004/0011647 (2004-01-01), Broadley et al.
patent: 2004/0195098 (2004-10-01), Broadley et al.
patent: 12 17 657 (1966-05-01), None
patent: 0 761 094 (1997-03-01), None
patent: 2 541 4624 (1983-02-01), None
patent: 2 093 193 (1982-08-01), None
patent: 08-285811 (1996-01-01), None
patent: 10104193 (1998-04-01), None
patent: 11258197 (1999-09-01), None
patent: WO 99/56954 (1999-11-01), None
patent: WO 99/63334 (1999-12-01), None
patent: WO 01/75430 (2001-10-01), None
US 6,425,995, 07/2002, Fletcher et al. (withdrawn)
International Search Report dated Nov. 11, 2004 for International Application No. PCT/US03/21156.
Brezinski, Donald,Kinetic, static and stirring errors of liquid junction reference electrodes, Corning Glass Works, Apr. 1983: vol. 108, No. 1285, pp. 425-442.
Illingworth, John,A common source of error in pH measurementsBiochem. J. (1981) 195,259-262.
Covington et al.,Improvements in the precision of Ph measurements a laboratory reference electrode with renewable free-diffusion liquid junction, Analytica Chemical Acta, 169(1985) 221-229.
Dohner et al.,Reference electrode with free-flowing free-diffusion liquid junction, Analytical Chemistry, vol. 68, No. 12 (1986) pp. 2585-2589.
Nishizawa, M. et al.: Metal nanotubule membranes with electrochemically switchable ion-transport selectivity; Science, American Assoc for the advancement of science: 268, 700-702 (1995).
Peters, G.: A reference electrode with free-diffusion liquid junction for electrochemical measurements under changing pressure conditions; Analytical Chemistry, US American Chemical Society: 69:13 2362-2366 (1997).
Suzuki et al., Microfabricated Liquid Junction Ag/AgC1 Reference Electrode and its Application to a One-Chip Potentiometric Sensor,Anal. Chem. vol. 71, No. 22, pp. 5069-5075, Nov. 15, 1999.
Hulteen, J.C. et al. (1997) A general template-based method for the preperation of nanomaterials. J. Matr. Chem. 7(7):1075-1087.

Affiliated with

Also associated with

Rating

Reference electrode having a microfluidic flowing liquid... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Reference electrode having a microfluidic flowing liquid..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Reference electrode having a microfluidic flowing liquid... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

Comments { 0 }

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-4044634