Internal-combustion engines – Miscellaneous – Fuels – lubricants and additives
Patent
1991-04-01
1992-05-19
Argenbright, Tony M.
Internal-combustion engines
Miscellaneous
Fuels, lubricants and additives
44359, F02M 2514, C10L 118
Patent
active
051138034
ABSTRACT:
NO.sub.x emissions are reduced in two stages during operation of an engine equipped with an exhaust gas catalyst system. In the first stage, a reduction in NO.sub.x emissions is effected in the exhaust leaving the combustion chamber. In the second stage a further reduction in NO.sub.x emissions is effected in the exhaust passing through the exhaust catalyst system. Both of the two-stage reductions are brought about in the same way, namely (a) by use of a fuel composition containing at least one fuel-soluble cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl compound in an amount equivalent to up to 1/32 gram of manganese per gallon of fuel; and (b) by enhancing the NO.sub.x control activity of at least the catalyst by prior operation of the engine on such fuel composition, either intermittently or continuously. Such prior operation constitutes a run-in or conditioning stage of sufficient total duration (continuous or interrupted) so that substantial reductions in NO.sub.x emissions are thereafter continuously achieved in subsequent operation of the engine. The efficacy of the invention was demonstrated by conducting a fleet test involving 48 cars, each operated for 75,000 miles during the test. Dramatic reductions in NO.sub. x were achieved. Moreover, no significant catalyst pluggage, or increase in exhaust gas back pressure, or adverse effect upon oxygen sensors were experienced in the fleet test.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3037038 (1962-05-01), Johnston et al.
patent: 3112789 (1963-12-01), Percy et al.
patent: 3127351 (1964-03-01), Brown et al.
patent: 3926580 (1975-12-01), Gautreaux
patent: 3996740 (1976-12-01), Niebylski
patent: 4028065 (1977-06-01), Sprague et al.
patent: 4061122 (1977-12-01), Edgar et al.
patent: 4082517 (1978-04-01), Niebylski et al.
patent: 4175927 (1979-11-01), Niebylski
patent: 4191536 (1980-03-01), Niebylski
patent: 4240802 (1980-12-01), Nichols, Jr.
patent: 4266946 (1981-05-01), Niebylski
patent: 4390345 (1983-06-01), Somorjai
patent: 4435187 (1984-03-01), Graiff et al.
patent: 4674447 (1987-06-01), Davis
patent: 4904279 (1990-02-01), Kanne et al.
patent: 5004480 (1991-04-01), Kanne
Faggan et al., "An Evaluation of Manganese as an Antiknock in Unleaded Gasoline", SAE Automobile Engineering Meeting, Detroit, Mich., Oct. 13-17, 1975. 10/13-17/75.
Moran, John B., "The Environmental Implications of Manganese as an Alternate Antiknock", 1975 SAE Automotive Engineering & Manufacturing Meeting, Detroit, Mich., Oct. 15, 1975.
Benson, Jack D., "Manganese Fuel Additive (MMT) Can Cause Vehicle Problems", SAE Fuels & Lubricants Meeting, Tulsa, OK., Jun. 7-9, 1977.
Lenane, D. L., "MMT--A Further Evaluation", SAE Paper No. 770656, Ethyl Corp. Research Laboratories, Ferndale, MI. no date.
Furey, et al., "How MMT Causes Plugging of Monolithic Converters", SAE Paper No. 78004, SAE Congress & Exposition, Detroit, Mich., Feb. 27-Mar. 3, 1978.
Faix, Louis J., "A Study of the Effects of Manganese Fuel Additive Emissions", SAE Paper No. 780002, Chevrolet, Div. General Motors Corp., Warren, MI. 1978, (no month).
Lenane, D. L., "Effect of MMT on Emissions from Production Cars", SAE Paper No. 780003, Ethyl Corp. Research Laboratories, Ferndale, MI 1978 (no month).
Lichtenstein, et al., "MMT Plugging of Oxidation Catalysts on Ceramic & Metal Supports During Engine Dyno Studies of Catalyst Durability", SAE Paper No. 780005, Matthey Bishop, Inc., Malvern, PA, 1978 (no month).
Williamson, et al., "Effects of Fuel Additive MMT on Contaminant Retention & Catalyst Performance", SAE Paper No. 821193, Ford Motor Co., Fuels & Lubricants Meeting, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Oct. 18-21, 1982.
Otto et al., "Effectgs of Mn Deposits from MMT on Automotive Catalysts in the Absence and Presence of Other Fuel Additives", Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 12, No. 2, (pp. 181-184), Feb. 1978.
Bailie, et al., "MMT-A Versatile Antiknock", Ethyl Corporation Paper No. AM-78-36, no date.
Hollrah Don P.
Lenane Denis L.
Argenbright Tony M.
Ethyl Petroleum Additives Inc.
LaRose David E.
LandOfFree
Reduction of No.sub.x emissions from gasoline engines does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Reduction of No.sub.x emissions from gasoline engines, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Reduction of No.sub.x emissions from gasoline engines will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2412349