Rechargeable battery with zinc negative and dendrite barrier

Details Rechargeable battery with zinc negative and dendrite barrier Rechargeable battery with zinc negative and dendrite barrier

1975-07-08

1976-07-20

Skapars, Anthony

Batteries: thermoelectric and photoelectric

Thermoelectric

Radiation pyrometer

136145, H01M 4302, H01M 300

Patent

active

039704726

ABSTRACT:
A rechargeable battery having a zinc negative electrode, and a positive electrode preferably of nickel hydroxide, is provided with a novel dendrite barrier to prevent zinc spurs growing out of the zinc electrode during charge and shorting the battery. A novel separator pocket, which includes the barrier and is adapted to confine the zinc negative electrode against shape change, comprises an inner wrap of an absorbent film, an intermediate wrap of a microporous film, a next adjacent wrap of the flexible dendrite barrier, and an outer wrap pf a cellulosic film. This improved barrier is a porous, flexible sheet material comprising a substrate of a flexible, porous cloth woven from random fiber polypropylene in and through which is deposited a porous metal having a low hydrogen over-voltage to oxidize the zinc dendrites on contact in an alkaline electrolyte. The barrier in this multiple wrap allows free flow of ions and free escape of evolved hydrogen; and prevents any dendrites from passing therethrough and penetrating the outer cellulosic film.
In rechargeable batteries using zinc negative electrodes such as of pasted plates in an alkaline electrolyte, the zinc electrode limits the cycle life of the battery because of (1) an effective loss of zinc through shape change and through shedding and dissolution of the zinc in the electrolyte, and (2) a shorting of the battery electrodes by growth of zinc dendrites during charging.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3013099 (1961-12-01), Mendelsohn
patent: 3207630 (1965-09-01), Solomon et al.
patent: 3497387 (1970-02-01), Amiet
patent: 3669746 (1972-06-01), Devitt et al.
patent: 3764387 (1973-10-01), Stark

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