Data processing: measuring – calibrating – or testing – Measurement system in a specific environment – Chemical analysis
Reexamination Certificate
2005-01-25
2005-01-25
Bui, Bryan (Department: 2863)
Data processing: measuring, calibrating, or testing
Measurement system in a specific environment
Chemical analysis
C702S022000, C702S023000, C702S025000, C702S137000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06847898
ABSTRACT:
Methods and apparatuses for determining entrained and/or dissolved gas content of gas-liquid mixtures. Data generated is used to control the True (air-free) or Apparent (air-containing) Density or Entrained Air content of liquids within optimum ranges, e.g. in paper coating processes and in the manufacture of food products, personal care products, pharmaceutical products, paints, petroleum blends, etc. For example, an indirect method of continuously determining the amount of gas entrained in a liquid, by: continuously measuring the temperature, flow rate, and apparent density of the mixture at two different pressure states, and calculating the volume percentage of the gas in the liquid by using equation (28)x%=VsVs+V(28)wherein V is the volume of the gas-free liquid calculated by equation (23)V=1ρ1-[P2P2-P1(1ρ1-1ρ2)-RTP2-P1g(Δ PQa)](23)in which P1and P2are two different ambient pressures and ΔP=P2−P1, ρ1and ρ2are apparent densities of the liquid sample measured at P1and P2, respectively, R is the constant of the Ideal Gas Law, T is the liquid temperature, Q is the flow rate, g(ΔP/Qa) is a function for determining the amount of gas being dissolved between P2and P1, and Vsis determined by equation (27)Vs=TsTP1P2Ps(P2-P1)(1ρ1-1ρ2)-RTsPs(P1P2-P1g(Δ PQa)-g(P1-PsQa)).(27)
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Chen Qingyuan
Franda Robert Josef
Appleton Papers Inc.
Birch & Stewart Kolasch & Birch, LLP
Bui Bryan
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