Chemistry: natural resins or derivatives; peptides or proteins; – Proteins – i.e. – more than 100 amino acid residues
Patent
1993-12-02
1997-11-25
Smith, Lynette F.
Chemistry: natural resins or derivatives; peptides or proteins;
Proteins, i.e., more than 100 amino acid residues
530395, 530324, 5303879, 53038826, 4241391, 424 941, 424556, C07K 100, C07K 1400, A61K 39395, A61K 3843
Patent
active
056914482
ABSTRACT:
The invention provides fragments of GAD.sub.65 that are specifically reactive with at least one class of GAD.sub.65 autoantibody. Most fragments are substantially free of N-terminal amino acids that would otherwise limit solubility. Different fragment contain epitopes for different classes of GAD.sub.65 autoantibodies. The fragments are used in methods of diagnosing and treating insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and stiff man syndrome.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5200318 (1993-04-01), Rabin et al.
Kaufman, et al, 1986, "Brain Glutamate Decarboxylase . . . " Science 232:1138-1140.
Atkinson et al., "Islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibody reactivity to glutamate decarboxylase in insulin-dependent diabetes," J. Clin. Invest. 91:350-356 (1993).
Baekkeskov et al., "Identification of the 64K autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes as the GABA-synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase," Nature 347:151-156 (1990).
Bjork et al., "Differences in epitope selection among GAD-autoantibodies in insulin-dependent diabetes, stiff-man syndrome and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1," Diabetelogia 36(1) Abstract No. 87 p. A24 (1993).
Bjork et al., "GAD autoantibodies in IDDM, stiff-man syndrome, and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 recognize different epitopes," Diabetes 43:161-165 (1994).
Bu et al., "Two human glutamate decarboxylases, 65-kDa GAD and 67-kDa GAD, are each encoded by a single gene," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:2115-2119 (1992).
Butler et al., "Identification of a dominant epitope of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD-65) recognized by autoantibodies in stiff-man syndrome," J. Exp. Med. 178:2097-2106 (1993).
Chen, Qiao-Yi et al., "Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in Australian children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and their first-degree relatives," Pediatric Research 34 (6):785-790 (1993).
Christgau et al., "Membrane anchoring of the autoantigen GAD.sub.65 to microvesicles in pancreatic .beta.-cells by palmitoylation in the NH.sub.2 -terminal domain," J. Cell Biol. 118(2):309-320 (1992).
Christie et al., "Distinct antibody specificites to a 64-kD islet cell antigen in type 1 diabetes as revealed by trypsin treatment," J. Exp. Med. 172:789-794 (1990).
Grubin et al., "The cDNA-directed, in vitro-synthesized nascent peptide of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD2) is the autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus," Clinical. Res. 40(2):299A (1992).
Kaufman et al., "Spontaneous loss of T-cell tolerance to glutamic acid decarboxylase in murine insulin-dependent diabetes," Nature 366:69-72 (1993).
Kim et al., "Higher autoantibody levels and recognition of a linear NH.sub.2 -terminal epitope in the autoantigen GAD.sub.65, distinguish stiff-man syndrome from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus," J. Exp. Med. 180:595-606 (1994).
Li et al., "Identification of autoantibody epitopes of glutamic acid decarboxylase in stiff-man syndrome patients," J. Immunology 152:930-934 (1994).
Mauch et al., "Baculovirus-mediated expression of human 65 kDa and 67 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylases in SF9 insect cells and their relevance in diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus," J. Biochem. 113:699-704 (1993).
Richter et al., "Human monoclonal islet cell antibodies from a patient with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus reveal glutamate decarboxylase as the target antigen," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 89:8467-71 (1992).
Richter et al., "Autoreactive epitopes defined by diabetes-associated human monoclonal antibodies are localized in the middle and C-terminal domains of the smaller form of glutamate decarboxylase," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:2832-2836 (1993).
Seissler et al., "Prevalence of autoantibodies to the 65-and 67-kD isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus," J. Clin. Invest. 92:1394-1399 (1993).
Serjeantson et al., "HLA-DQ genotypes are associated with autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients," Human Immunology 38:97-104 (1993).
Tisch et al., "Immune response to glutamic acid decarboxylase correlates with insulitis in non-obese diabetic mice," Nature 366:72-75 (1993).
Ujihara et al., "Identification of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody heterogeneity and epitope regions in type I diabetes," Diabetes 43:968-975 (1994).
Velloso et al., "Demonstration of GAD-65 as the main immunogenic isoform of glutamate decarboxylase in type 1 diabetes and determination of autoantibodies using a radioligand produced by eukaryotic expression," J. Clin. Invest. 91:2084-2090 (1993).
Baekkeskov Steinunn
Kim John
Namchuk Mark
Richter Wiltrud
Shi Yuguang
LandOfFree
Reagents and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Reagents and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Reagents and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2108116