Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Reactive dye composition – process – or product – Alkylene sulfato – halotriazine – halodiazine,...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-04-19
2002-04-09
Einsmann, Margaret (Department: 1751)
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Reactive dye composition, process, or product
Alkylene sulfato, halotriazine, halodiazine,...
C008S639000, C008S918000, C008S641000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06368362
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to the technical field of fiber-reactive dyes.
Reactive dyes useful for dyeing cellulose fibers are well known and extensively described in the literature. However, these conventional dyes generally do not adequately meet the high present day expectations with regard to their suitability for specific dyeing processes, with regard to the dyeability of the fibers and with regard to the fastness properties of the dyed product. A particular disadvantage is that the known dyes, almost without exception, have to be dyed with comparatively large amounts of electrolyte salt, generally 50 to 100 g of electrolyte salt per liter of dyebath.
WO 98/42784, WO 98/42785, WO 93/18224 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,330,539, it is true, describe dyes which can be applied with significantly smaller amounts of salt. However, using no electrolyte salts at all frequently provides only weak dyeings.
There is thus a need for reactive dyes which can be applied with very little or even no salt and which provide strong dyeings under these conditions.
It has now been surprisingly found that mixtures of dyes of the hereinbelow indicated general formulae (1), (2) and (3) meet the stipulated requirements. Dyes (1) and (2) are already known per se and described in the literature. For instance, dyes of the general formula (1) may be found in DE-A 1 644 171 and dyes of the general formula (2) in WO98/42785.
The present invention provides mixtures of reactive dyes comprising at least two dyes selected from the group consisting of the general formulae (1), (2) and (3)
where
D
1
is a benzene or naphthalene ring containing one or more sulfonic acid groups;
R
1
is methyl or amino;
R
2
is hydrogen or chlorine;
Hal is fluorine or chlorine;
M is hydrogen or an alkali metal;
D
2
to D
4
are each a group of the general formula (D)
where
R
3
and R
4
are independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, sulfo or carboxyl, and
Z is —CH═CH
2
or —CH
2
CH
2
Z
1
, where Z
1
is an alkali-detachable group.
Two-dye mixtures according to the invention may contain one or more, for example two or three, of each of the dyes of general formulae (1) and (2), (1) and (3) or (2) and (3). The dye or dyes of the general formulae mentioned are each preferably present in amounts of 10 to 90% by weight, particularly preferably 30 to 70% by weight, based on the total amount of dye.
However, preferred dye mixtures according to the invention contain one or more, for example two or three, of each of the dyes of the general formulae (1), (2) and (3). Such mixtures contain in particular dyes of the general formula (1) in amounts of 5 to 90% by weight, dyes of the general formula (2) in amounts of 5 to 80% by weight and dyes of the general formula (3) in amounts of 5 to 90% by weight, in each case based on the total amount of dye.
Particularly preferred dye mixtures according to the invention of dyes of the general formulae (1), (2) and (3) are those which contain dyes of the general formula (1) in amounts of 5 to 50% by weight, dyes of the general formula (2) in amounts of 5 to 50% by weight and dyes of the general formula (3) in amounts of 45 to 90% by weight, and also those which contain dyes of the general formula (1) in amounts of 30 to 80% by weight, dyes of the general formula (2) in amounts of 5 to 50% by weight and dyes of the general formula (3) in amounts of 10 to 50% by weight, in each case based on the total amount of dye.
A benzene or naphthalene ring D
1
preferably contains 1, 2 or 3 sulfonic acid groups, particularly preferably 2 sulfonic acid groups.
An alkali metal M can be in particular sodium, potassium or lithium.
In the group of the formula (D) R
3
and R
4
are each preferably hydrogen.
A group Z
1
which is detachable by the action of alkali to leave a vinyl group is in particular chlorine, bromine, thiosulfato, sulfato, phosphate, methylsulfonyloxy, methylsulfonylamido, benzoyloxy, toluylsulfonyloxy or (C
2
-C
5
)-alkanoyloxy, for example acetyloxy. Z
1
is preferably sulfato. Z is preferably vinyl or &bgr;-sulfatoethyl.
The dyes of the general formulae (2) and (3), especially if the chromophore is the same, may possess different fiber-reactive groups —SO
2
—Z within the meaning of Z. More particularly, the dye mixtures may include dyes of the same chromophore conforming to the aforementioned general formulae where the fiber-reactive groups —SO
2
—Z are on the one hand vinylsulfonyl groups and on the other —CH
2
CH
2
Z
1
groups, preferably &bgr;-sulfatoethylsulfonyl groups. When the dye mixtures contain some of the respective dye components in the form of a dye having a vinylsulfonyl group, then the fraction of the particular dye which has the vinylsulfonyl group is up to about 30 mol %, based on the respective dye chromophore.
Dye mixtures according to the invention are preparable according to methods known per se and known to one skilled in the art, for example by mechanically mixing the individual dyes in the desired weight fractions, were then in the form of their dye powders or pellets or of aqueous solutions of the individual dyes, including for example the solutions generated in the synthesis of the dyes.
Dye mixtures according to the invention may be present as preparation in solid or in liquid (dissolved) form. In solid form they contain insofar as necessary the electrolyte salts customary in the case of water-soluble and especially fiber-reactive dyes, such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium sulfate.
Dye mixtures according to the invention are surprisingly dyeable at low depths of shade without any salt, at medium depths of shade with very little salt, such as 1 to 5 g of electrolyte salt/l of dyebath, and at higher depths of shade with a small amount of salt, such as 5 to 10 g of electrolyte salt/l of dyebath, and strong dyeings are obtained in all cases. The abovementioned preparations accordingly generally contain no or less electrolyte salt than preparations of known fiber-reactive dyes. This means that dye mixtures according to the invention provide for an appreciable reduction of the loading of dyehouse wastewater and hence also of the costs for reducing this loading.
Low depths of shade in this context are depths of shade involving the use of not more than 2% by weight of dye, based on the substrate. Medium depths of shade are depths of shade involving the use of 2 to 4% by weight of dye and higher depths of shade are those involving the use of 4 to 10% by weight of dye, in each case based on the substrate.
Solid preparations of dye mixtures according to the invention may further include assistants customary in commercial dyes, such as buffer substances capable of setting a pH in aqueous solution between 3 and 7, such as sodium acetate, sodium borate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium dihydrogenphosphate, sodium citrate and disodium hydrogenphosphate, small amounts of siccatives or, if they are present in liquid, aqueous solution (including the presence of thickeners of the type customary in print pastes) substances which ensure a long life for these preparations, for example mold preventatives.
Generally, dye mixtures according to the invention are present as dye powders containing 30 to 90% by weight, based on the dye powder or the preparation, of dye. These dye powders may additionally include the aforementioned buffer substances in a total amount of up to 5% by weight, based on the dye powder. If dye mixtures according to the invention are present in aqueous solution, then the total dye content in these aqueous solutions is up to about 50% by weight, for example between 5 and 50% by weight. The aqueous solutions (liquid preparations) may include the aforementioned buffer substances in an amount which is generally up to 10% by weight, preferably up to 2% by weight.
The separation from their synthesis solution of the chemically prepared dye mixtures of the invention can be effected according to generally known methods, for example either by precipitating from the reaction medium by means of electrolytes, for example sodium chloride or potassium chlori
Eichhorn Joachim
Kunz Martin
Pedemonte Ronald
Reiher Uwe
Schumacher Christina
Connolly Bove & Lodge & Hutz LLP
DyStar Textilfarben GmbH & Co. Deutschland KG
Einsmann Margaret
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