Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting – deodorizing – preser – Control element responsive to a sensed operating condition
Patent
1994-03-23
1996-07-23
Warden, Jill
Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preser
Control element responsive to a sensed operating condition
422 8205, 422 8208, 422 8211, 356246, 25022714, 385 12, G01N 2103
Patent
active
055386911
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to apparatuses for optical measurement and, more particularly, to an apparatus for optically determining conditions in the neighborhood of the surface of an optical waveguide according to measurement light of extremely low light intensity compared to the intensity of excitation light. One example is an apparatus for fluorescent immunity measurement, in which excitation light is introduced into an optical waveguide to excite a label fluorescent material present in the neighborhood of the optical waveguide surface for determining whether immunity is present or the extent thereof, if any, according to excited fluorescent light.
PRIOR ART
A known method of optical measurement has been well known in uses a slab type optical waveguide for exciting only label fluorescent light present in the neighborhood of the surface of the optical waveguide with an evanescent component tidal is emitted slightly from the optical waveguide and determines whether immunity is present or the extent thereof, if any, according to the excited fluorescent light. FIG. 23 shows an apparatus for implementing this method. The apparatus has a slab type optical waveguide 91 with all integral test solution chamber 92 formed on one surface. Excitation light emitted from a laser or the like (not shown) is led through a dichroic mirror 93 to the optical waveguide 91, and fluorescent light that is radiated from a label fluorescent material is led through the optical waveguide 91 to be reflected by the dichroic mirror 93 and passed through an optical filter 94 so as to be incident on a detector 95.
Where this structure is used, antibodies 96 are preliminarily attached to kite surface of the optical waveguide 91. Antigens 97 in the test solution are received in the antibodies 96. Further, fluorescent label antibodies 98 that are labeled by the fluorescent body are received in the antigens 97. The quantity of the received fluorescent label antibodies 98 is thus determined according to the quantity of the antigens 97 present in the test solution. The evanescent component that is obtained by introducing the excitation light into the optical waveguide 91 excites only label fluorescent bodies 98a of the received fluorescent label antibodies 98 to cause radiation of fluorescent light. Thus, the intensity of the radiated fluorescent light is proportional to time quantity of the antigens 97 in the test solution. The fluorescent light is led through the optical waveguide 91.
Thus, the sole fluorescent light that has been guided through the optical waveguide 91 is reflected by the dichroic mirror 93 to be incident on the detector 95 with the excitation light component blocked by the optical filter 94. In this way, it is possible to determine whether immunity is present or the extent thereof, if any.
However, in the fluorescent immunity measurement apparatus of the above construction, it is usually necessary to dilute the antigens 97, i.e., the liquid under test, and mix the antigens 97 and fluorescent label antibodies 98 before accommodating the liquid under test and the fluorescent label antibodies 98. The operations of dilution and miming are done by using a pre-treatment vessel which is preliminarily assembled in the measurement apparatus or by using a consumable pre-treatment vessel unit which is manufactured in correspondence to the reaction vessel.
Where the pre-treatment vessel preliminarily assembled in the apparatus is used for the diluting and mixing operations, the involved mechanism is usually extremely complicated. Therefore, it is highly possible that the operations for the diluting and mixing are complicated. In addition, since the pre-treatment vessel is used repeatedly, residual matter that may remain in the pre-treatment vessel due to unsatisfactory washing may be introduced into the liquid under test, thus leading to errors in the measurement.
Where the consumable pre-treatment vessel unit manufactured in correspondence to the reaction vessel is used for the dilution and the mixing a consid
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Akiyama Ryuuji
Hama Yoshiyuki
Sakamoto Tomomi
Shigemori Kazuhisa
Tosa Kaori
Daikin Industries Ltd.
Le Long V.
Warden Jill
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