Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting – deodorizing – preser – Control element responsive to a sensed operating condition – Control element responds proportionally to a variable signal...
Patent
1995-05-11
1998-06-09
Bhat, Nina
Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preser
Control element responsive to a sensed operating condition
Control element responds proportionally to a variable signal...
422110, 422202, 422203, 165301, G05D 2300, F28D 2100
Patent
active
057628793
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the mechanism to control heat of reaction by automatically regulating heat exchange area in a chemical reaction apparatus or more specifically, practical heat of reaction control mechanism of heat exchange area regulation type in a chemical reaction apparatus which can not only quickly and stably control heat of reaction generated by chemical reaction of a liquid agent in a reaction vessel by changing a contact area between an exterior surface of the vessel and a cooling medium in a cooling jacket surrounding the circumference of the vessel in which the liquid agent is received but also simply and properly control a liquid level of the cooling medium contained in the cooling jacket without need to have a complex structure, and especially it serves to safely control sudden temperature change of the chemical reaction.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
As we know, in the experiments accompanying chemical reaction such as polymerization or condensation, since the speed of chemical reaction largely depends on the external conditions such as temperature, pressure, concentration and others, it is necessary to properly and quickly regulate those various conditions according to the characteristics of the type of chemical reaction. Especially, in the case of exothermic chemical reaction, since its reaction rate in most cases changes sensitively to the temperature, it invites a dangerous situation unless the temperature especially among others is regulated within an appropriate range. Moreover, in some cases, as the temperature goes up, the reaction rate accelerates so rapidly that explosion may suddenly occur, and therefore it is necessary to quickly control the temperature in such chemical reaction as mentioned above.
To control the temperature in this type of exothermic chemical reaction, conventionally, an integral-type chemical reaction appararus has been known which controls the temperature by providing a temperature regulating jacket having both cooling and heating means in itself on the circumference of the reaction vessel and increasing or decreasing the temprature of a heat transfer medium flowing through the jacket. However, this apparatus performing both cooling and heating of the vessel through a sole heat transfer medium has been found inconvenient to use in that it can not quickly control the temperature because of poor reversal function of the temperature switching control from cooling to heating or vice versa.
Thus, to improve the aforesaid inconvenience, a chemical reaction apparatus separately having cooling and heating means has been proposed. As a result, such a separate-type apparatus as mentioned above has been invented as disclosed in the Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-104002 which controls the temperature by heating the liquid agent in the vessel with a heater as well as cooling it with the contact area between the cooling medium and the exterior surface of the vessel changed by the ascent and descent of the cooling medium level making use of a liquid-level regulator connected to the bottom portion of the cooling jacket provided on the circumference of the vessel through a siphon and the like. However, this apparatus has been also found inconvenient to use in that it requires a wider space for installation owing to its tendency to become larger in size because it needs the liquid level regulator containing a siphon, etc. in addition to cooling means.
Also, the present inventor has also proposed another separate-type chemical reaction apparatus (refer to the specification of the EPC Patent Application No. 415618 in the name of the present applicant) which controls the temperature by cooling the liquid agent by means of the cooling jacket provided on the upper circumference of the vessel as well as heating it with the contact area between warm water in a heating tank provided on the downside of the vessel and the exterior surface at the lower portion of the vessel changed by the vertical movement of the heating tank. However, this apparat
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patent: 4803054 (1989-02-01), Sillerud et al.
patent: 5225166 (1993-07-01), Zarian et al.
patent: 5380485 (1995-01-01), Takahashi et al.
Ashizawa Nobuo
Nomura Mamoru
Bhat Nina
Snider Ronald R.
Todoroki Sangyo Kabushiki Kaisha
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