Bearings – Rotary bearing – Antifriction bearing
Patent
1992-02-26
1994-05-31
Footland, Lenard A.
Bearings
Rotary bearing
Antifriction bearing
384524, F16C 3346
Patent
active
053163940
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a radial roller bearing with a cage for separating and, depending on the design, for guiding the roller members. In the known radial roller bearings of this type, the cage, for its part, is usually aligned in sliding surfaces belonging to the other roller elements, mostly on the roller members or on the rim or edge of the inner or outer ring, in some cases in a roller member ring between the cage and one of the rings of the roller bearing. If a radial roller bearing is not equipped with edges, e.g. as in needle bearings, then the cage is guided by the appropriate surfaces of the connection components.
In most applications, such roller bearings are lubricated with grease, in most other cases with oil, and in a few extreme cases with solid lubricants, some of which are applied to the bearing components as coatings. Grease is the preferred lubricant most of the time because it is easy to use and the least expensive. However, grease lubricants do not conduct heat, which is why roller bearings having high circumferential speeds are lubricated with oil. The oil required for cooling, however, causes a higher working action in the roller bearing, which, in turn, results in higher bearing temperatures. In roller bearings that require a lower temperature in spite of the high revolutions, e.g. in tooling machines, extensive procedures are used to separate the lubrication and cooling processes. Thereby, the lubrication occurs via a precisely measured and continuous supply of a minimum amount of oil, whereas the cooling is carried out by the oil's transport air flow.
When the heat resulting therefrom is conducted independent from the lubricant, i.e. via air or external water cooling, special greases make it possible to attain the same high speeds as in oil-lubricated roller bearings. Especially when grease is used as a lubricant, the attainable revolutions are limited by the fact that proper lubrication of the sliding contacts of the cages is no longer assured which, in turn, causes too much friction heat, which often leads to the destruction of the roller bearing. For this reason, numerous special cage materials and coatings are used to reduce the friction at these sliding points. Although such measures are capable of increasing the limit speed of a roller bearing, they do not suffice for many applications.
DE-PS 45681 and FR-PS 584-717 describe roller bearings in which the cages are aligned through roller member rings between the cage and one of the rings. Although this serves to avoid the sliding friction, the roller member ring, for its part, requires a cage, which is forcibly unstable and thus subject to oscillation. In addition, there is the danger that due to their low load the roller members of the guiding roller bearing are not driven. This results in sliding effects with very high heat and rapid destruction of the roller bearing. Furthermore, these roller member rings are also very sensitive to dimensional changes in the various components of the roller bearing resulting from temperature fluctuations that forcibly occur in roller bearings attaining high speeds. For this reason, it is also not possible to manufacture these roller member rings without clearance or even with a preload against the inner or outer race, because in actual operating conditions this would cause the roller bearing to overheat and seize.
That is why the embodiments of the two aforesaid patents did not succeed in practice.
In the case of oil- or grease-lubricated roller bearings, cage oscillations are another phenomenon that limits the maximum attainable bearing revolutions.
Therefore, it is the object of the invention to create a roller bearing of the type described at the onset which avoids the disadvantages of current embodiments, thus making possible, in particular, higher circumferential speeds using grease or oil lubricants, or which results in lower bearing temperatures under the same operating conditions. According to the invention, this objective is attained by the fact that the cage of the roller bearin
REFERENCES:
patent: 1699325 (1929-01-01), Dake
patent: 2983559 (1961-05-01), Blinder
Footland Lenard A.
Hydrel AG
Kaplan Blum
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