Machine element or mechanism – Elements – Eccentric
Patent
1993-01-19
1995-01-03
Rivell, John
Machine element or mechanism
Elements
Eccentric
74568R, G05G 108, F04B 104
Patent
active
053775597
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an adjustable rotor and a radial piston machine or device which may utilize an adjustable rotor. The device utilizes either liquid or gaseous fluids or mixtures thereof such as, for example, in internal combustion and steam engines. The machine and rotor are usable as a fluid pump, fluid compressor, fluid motor or engine.
Generally, a radial piston device usable as a fluid pump, compressor, or motor or engine has the following elements: a circular or cylindrical casing with side or end walls and/or covers, a shaft with an eccentric journalled by bearings and extending through the central part of the casing and covers, and a cylinder block which may be combined in one piece with the casing. The cylinder block has a number of cylinders, each fitted with a piston and radially arranged in the cylinder block. During operation as a pump or compressor, rotation of the eccentric shaft drives the pistons to move reciprocatingly in the cylinders. Conversely, if operated as a motor or engine, the pistons impart rotational movement to the eccentric shaft. Contingent on design, the output of a radial piston device can be fixed or variable, and many machines have been developed based on the above mentioned principles.
Certain problems are common with many design configurations of current fluid pumps, compressors and motors and these problems are not necessarily confined to radial piston devices. Such problems are due primarily to heat, sound, and vibratory energy losses caused by the generation of mechanical and fluid friction. For example, in most positive displacement piston devices, friction induced wear or "galling" is common in the shoe area of a piston, as well as uneven cylinder wear due to lateral forces exerted on the lower areas of the cylinder walls. Many devices also contain off-loaded shafts and bearings, unbalanced mechanical and fluid dynamics, pressurized casings, fluid flow restrictions, or moveable masses such as stroke rings, blocks, or casings. These and other structural design deficiencies result in friction losses, increased wear, excessive sound, and reductions in performance, reliability or both while limiting the capability of the machine to endure high pressure surge peaks or achieve sustained higher operating pressures. Additionally, the rotational speed of such devices is also limited, primarily because of mechanical factors and fluid dynamics, and when rotational speed increases beyond the rated revolutions per minute (RPM), efficiency decreases significantly.
Failures of such equipment are often induced by contamination of the fluid medium or high pressure surge peaks caused by misuse, abuse, or improper design of the operating systems. Repair of such equipment usually requires skilled mechanics and special tools and causes costly downtime. Often, complete replacement of a unit is more cost effective than repair because prime components such as casings, blocks, cylinders, and shafts have undergone critical wear and, therefore, have become effectively unserviceable. Additionally, such equipment is often subjected to environmental extremes and operated outside of design or maintenance specifications, decisively increasing wear while diminishing the operating efficiency of the device. A device that would permit convenient on-site replacement of wear-prone parts, particularly while under operation, while also reducing wear on, and maintenance requirements for, prime components would be extremely beneficial, especially in applications where minimization of downtime is critical.
Generally, current fluid mechanical devices have narrow ranges of peak operating efficiency within their rated pressure, volume of flow, and RPM. Serious performance degradation occurs when a device is operated outside of its design parameters, and it is therefore common trade practice to size a fluid pump or similar device to a specific task. In an attempt to satisfy infinite combination of system design possibilities, there are a multitude of such devices manufactur
REFERENCES:
patent: 1875180 (1932-08-01), Rider
patent: 2062241 (1936-11-01), Viberg
patent: 2472355 (1949-06-01), Whittingham
patent: 2900839 (1959-08-01), Mackintosh
patent: 3086477 (1963-04-01), Ruhl
patent: 3180178 (1965-04-01), Brown et al.
patent: 3987707 (1976-10-01), Bosch
Albertin Marc S.
May James B.
Riley William C.
Fitz-Gerald Roger M.
Rivell John
WhiteMoss, Inc.
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