Quick connection method and device, and surgical instrument for

Surgery – Instruments – Orthopedic instrumentation

Patent

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Details

606180, 279 22, 279143, A61B 1700

Patent

active

059282410

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to the quick connection of interchangeable tools to a drive shaft and in particular to a surgical instrument for driving interchangeable tools at different predetermined distances from the drive shaft.
2. Discussion of Background Information
Various surgical instruments currently used to drive various interchangeable tools at different distances from a drive shaft are provided with a first set of special tools and a second set of guide spindles having a length which varies according to the required distance from case to case between the cutting head and the drive shaft.
These known instruments provide for first connecting each special tool to the drive shaft by means of a collet chuck and then screwing each guide spindle onto a housing surrounding the drive shaft. These chucking and screwing actions are moreover carried out with the help of two special keys for ensuring an adequate connection of the tools to the drive shaft, and entail a waste of time required to replace the tools.
Said instruments must moreover be provided with a considerable number of special tools, this number being equal to the number of types of cutting heads required, multiplied by the number of lengths required to ensure the different distances between the cutting heads and the drive shaft. Now, this can entail considerable tooling costs as well as stocking problems, since it is advisable to always keep an adequate stock of these special tools of different types and lengths which are relatively expensive and wear out more or less rapidly depending on the amount of use made of the various tools.
The art relating to tool connection devices comprising self-clamping and locking means may be illustrated by the following patents.
CH 575 229 concerns a surgical drill comprising a drive shaft in a first casing, a removable head provided with a driven shaft in a second casing, a cutting tool which may be coupled with said driven shaft, a clutch member fixed to the drive shaft and a clamping jaw fixed to said driven shaft, which come into the driving position when said casings are connected.
CH 573 743 concerns a surgical drill comprising a drive shaft in a housing, an intermediate driven shaft coupled with the drive shaft mounted in a rear housing coupled with the housing of the drive shaft and connected by a gearing to a front driven shaft associated with a tool fastening device and
CH 671 174 concerns a self-clamping chuck intended to eliminate the drawbacks of the necessity of using a chuck key in portable instruments currently employed for surgical use.
CH 512 954 concerns a device for locking tools on a mandrel and CH 664 516 relates to a locking device for locking a tool in a rotor.
The known tool connection devices and surgical instruments mentioned above moreover do not fully meet all the strictest requirements regarding the rapidity, structural simplicity and reliability of the technical means employed, without help of a key or other auxiliary tool.


OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

An object of the invention is to provide a device for quick connection of interchangeable tools and more particularly a surgical tool comprising such a connection device which allows the mentioned drawbacks of the known connection devices and instruments to be obviated and has a structure which is as simple, compact and reliable as possible, so as to enable the connection and locking of a plurality of interchangeable rotary cutting tools to be ensured in the shortest possible time and without requiring the help of any auxiliary means, and so as to more particularly enable the cutting tools to be operated at different predetermined distances from the drive shaft.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention as defined in the claims relates to a quick connection method and device for interchangeable tools and to a surgical instrument provided with such a connection device and specially intended for driving interchangeable tools at different distances from a drive shaft.
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REFERENCES:
patent: 922602 (1909-05-01), Lamb
patent: 2751229 (1956-06-01), Schultz
patent: 3867943 (1975-02-01), Nordin
patent: 5271697 (1993-12-01), Johnson et al.
patent: 5720749 (1998-02-01), Rupp
patent: 5741263 (1998-04-01), Umber et al.
patent: 5779404 (1998-07-01), Jore
Copy of an International Search Report in PCT/CH96/00228.

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