Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series – Organic compounds – Fatty compounds having an acid moiety which contains the...
Patent
1996-04-08
1999-03-23
Barts, Samuel
Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series
Organic compounds
Fatty compounds having an acid moiety which contains the...
554103, 554108, 554114, C07C10100
Patent
active
058862013
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/EP94/03253 filed Sep. 29, 1994.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts ("esterquats") with improved solubility in water which are obtained by esterifying selected mixtures of linear and branched fatty acids with a triethanolamine component and then quaternizing the resulting esters by methods known per se, to a process for their production, to the use of the new esterquats for the production of surface-active formulations and to the use of the fatty acid mixtures for the production of water-soluble esterquats.
2. Discussion of Related Art
Quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts, so-called "esterguats", are cationic surfactants which are acquiring increasing significance by virtue of their excellent fabric-softening properties and their high ecotoxicological compatibility. The publications by O. Ponsati in C.R. CED Congress, Barcelona, 1992, page 167 and R. Puchta in C.R. CED Congress, Sitges, 1993, page 59, are cited as representative of the literature available on the subject.
The esterquats are normally prepared by a two-stage process in which triethanolamine is first partly esterified with fatty acids and the reaction product is then quaternized with methyl chloride or preferably dimethyl sulfate in isopropyl alcohol. Low-viscosity concentrates of the esterquats in isopropyl alcohol with a solids content of up to 85% by weight can be obtained in this way. However, products of satisfactory odor, i.e. alcohol-free products, are required for many applications, particularly in the cosmetics field. If the isopropyl alcohol is removed after quaternization, commercial esterquats are solid which is detrimental to their processability. Another disadvantage is that the known water-free commercially available esterquats are difficult to disperse in water and that, in particular, the production of concentrates is not possible without the assistance of auxiliaries.
Now, the problem addressed by the present invention was to provide new esterquats which would have low viscosities in water-free form, would be readily processable to water-containing concentrates and would exhibit advantageous performance properties.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts with improved solubility in water corresponding to formula (I): ##STR1## in which 40 to 60% by weight of R.sup.1 CO is a linear acyl radical containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms and 60 to 40% by weight is a branched acyl radical containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, the same meaning as R.sup.1 CO, CH.sub.2 O).sub.q H group,
Extensive studies conducted by applicants have shown that, although esterquats based on branched fatty acids have low viscosities, they do not have a softening effect. Conversely, esterquats based on linear fatty acids are distinguished by good fabric-softening properties, but at the same time are solid and cannot readily be dispersed in water-free form. It has now surprisingly been found that starting materials for the production of esterquats which flow freely in water-free form and which are soluble in water in highly concentrated form are available within a narrow mixing ratio between linear and branched fatty acids. The new esterquats show advantageous performance properties and can be processed, for example, to low-viscosity high-strength fabric softener concentrates.
The present invention also relates to a process for the production of quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts with improved solubility in water, in which fatty acid mixtures containing atoms and atoms triethanolamine and the resulting esters are quaternized by methods known per se.
The choice of the fatty acids and their mixing ratio is of particular importance to the essence of the present invention.
Component a) may be selected, for example, from caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, olei
REFERENCES:
patent: 4830771 (1989-05-01), Rubeck et al.
CED/Kongress, Sitges, 1993, p. 59 (translation).
Bigorra Llosas Joaquim
Bonastre Nuria
Pi Subirana Rafael
Barts Samuel
Carr Deborah D
Grandmaison Real J.
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
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