Quaternary compounds, compositions containing them, and uses...

Details Quaternary compounds, compositions containing them, and uses... Quaternary compounds, compositions containing them, and uses...

2000-05-08

2002-10-01

Page, Thurman K. (Department: 1616)

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Live skin colorant containing

C424S690000, C424S070190, C424S070270, C424S070280, C510S504000, C510S119000, C162S111000, C162S158000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06458343

ABSTRACT:

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to quaternary ammonium compounds and formulations thereof useful as, for instance, paper debonders, fabric softeners, hair conditioners, skin conditioners, paper deinking and ink floatation agents, asphalt emulsion agents, corrosion inhibitor agents, ore floatation agents, pesticide emulsion agents, car drying aid sprays, drilling fluid additives, and the like.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Heretofore quaternary ammonium compounds and a very few dialkyl ammonium compounds (“conventional quats”) have found widespread use in many applications. A variety of conventional quats have been proposed for many uses, for example, in fabric softeners for home use or for industrial and institutional use such as paper debonding. In general, such compounds exhibit properties which present some difficulty in the manufacture, formulation use, aesthetic properties, biodegradability, and environmental compatibility of these compositions. Thus, many of the conventional compositions used for these functions, even if completely biodegradable with time, do not biodegrade as rapidly as could be desired and are thus not considered readily biodegradable. In addition, several of the commercial readily biodegradable softeners, conditioners, and debonders do not function as effectively as the conventional products that are less biodegradable. Thus, to maintain effective levels of performance, increased amounts of such less effective, more readily biodegradable products (such as softeners) must be employed and, as will be readily apparent, this factor decreases the cost-effectiveness of the product.
In addition, the color and the odor of the products using conventional quats also pose problems with many biodegradable raw materials. Color stability and low odor are essential to obtaining customer acceptance and to achieving stable and acceptable long-term product aesthetic properties. Such properties are difficult to achieve with conventional quats. Moreover. there is increasing interest in obtaining fabric softener and personal care formulations which are clear (translucent or transparent) liquids, even to the point of obtaining a crystal-clear dispersion when the formulation is dispensed and dispersed into rinse water (even at levels of 50-100 ppm actives in water). Clear formulations may also offer several performance advantages, depending on the application, for example, clear fabric softeners offer reduced staining of the fabric, improved dispersibility, and greatly improved rewetting of the fabric or other substrate. Discovery of such clear compositions requires careful identification of proper quaternary and/or polyquaternary ammonium compounds, together with appropriate additives, such as solvents and cosolvents, which act together to achieve the desired appearance. The relatively poor solubility of conventional quats also contributes to certain difficulties that will vary, depending on the application. For example, when such conventional quats are used in fabric softeners, their poor solubility inhibits the dispersibility of the fabric softener actives into water and the dispersibility of the formulated fabric softener product into the washing machine.
Yamamura et al., Kokai No. 4[1990]50,375 (Application No. 2[1990] 156,249), relates to a fabric softener composition for laundered fabric containing monoalkoxylated alkylamine acid salts, wherein the term “monoalkoxylated” means that the compound does not contain any polymeric chains of alkoxy groups (that is, two or more alkoxy groups attached together). The monoalkoxylated alkylamine acids salts of Yamamura et al. are provided in a fabric softener composition wherein the monoalkoxylated alkylamine acid salts comprise between 2 wt. % and 24 wt. % of the composition. Yamamura et al. differs from the instant invention in that the compositions of Yamamura et al. only contain monoalkoxylated derivatives of their alkylamine acids salts, while the instant invention includes polyalkoxylated derivatives of the compounds of the instant invention, wherein the term “polyalkoxylated” means that the compound contains at least one polymeric chain of alkoxy groups (that is, two or more alkoxy groups attached directly together). Furthermore, Yamamura et al. differs from the instant invention in that the compositions of Yamamura et al. only provide acid salts of their monoalkoxylated alkylamine component, while the instant invention comprises free amines, salts, and quaternized derivatives of the compounds of the instant invention. Moreover, Yamamura et al. differs from the instant invention in that the compositions of Yamamura et al. only provide the monoalkoxylated alkylamine acid salts as a component of a composition that comprises between 2 wt. % and 24 wt. % of the composition and only in combination with other specified ingredients, while the instant invention provides that the compounds of the instant invention can be used alone or in a composition wherein the compounds of the instant invention comprise from 25 wt. % to 100 wt. % of the composition. Lastly, Yamamura et al. differs from the instant invention in that the compositions of Yamamura et al. only are taught for use as a fabric softener composition for laundered fabric, whereas the instant invention provides that the compounds of the instant invention can be used alone or in combination with other components for a variety of other uses, including paper debonding.
Boronat et al., European Patent Application Publication No. 0 525 271 B1, relates to ether amine ester compounds, their quaternary derivatives, and a process for making such compounds. The structure of the ether amine ester compounds of Boronat et al. are distinct from the compounds of the instant invention.
Phan et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,698,076, (“Phan et al. ('076)”) relates to a quaternary ester amine compound and paper web comprising such compounds. The structure of the quaternary ester amine compounds of Phan et al. ('076) are distinct from the compounds of the instant invention, in particular, because they do not contain alkoxylate groups.
Phan et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,415,737, (“Phan et al. ('737)”) relates to a quaternary ester amine compound and paper web comprising such compounds. The structure of the quaternary ester amine compounds of Phan et al. ('737) are distinct from the compounds of the instant invention.
Phan et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,405,501, (“Phan et al. ('501)”) relates to a quaternary ester amine compound and paper web comprising such compounds. The structure of the quaternary amine compounds of Phan et al. ('501) are distinct from the compounds of the instant invention, in particular, because the disclosed prior art compounds do not contain alkoxylate groups.
Phan et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,279,767, (“Phan et al. ('767)”) and Phan et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,217,576, (“Phan et al. ('576)”) each relate to a quaternary ester amine compound and paper web comprising such compounds. The structure of the quaternary amine compounds of Phan et al. ('767) and Phan et al. ('576) are distinct from the compounds of the instant invention, in particular, because the disclosed prior art compounds do not contain alkoxylate groups.
Phan et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,264,082, (“Phan et al. ('082)”) relates to a quaternary ester amine compound and paper web comprising such compounds. The structure of the quaternary ester amine compounds of Phan et al. ('082) are distinct from the compounds of the instant invention.
Phan et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,262,007, (“Phan et al. ('007)”) relates to quaternary ester amine compounds and paper web comprising such compounds. The structure of the quaternary ester amine compounds of Phan et al. ('007) are distinct from the compounds of the instant invention.
Vinson et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,487,813, relates to a quaternary ester amine compound and a paper web comprising such compounds and carboxymethyl cellulose and cationic starch.
Certain ester quaternary compounds, for example, 2-&l

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