Pyrotechnic mixture as propellant or a gas charge with carbon mo

Details Pyrotechnic mixture as propellant or a gas charge with carbon mo Pyrotechnic mixture as propellant or a gas charge with carbon mo

1999-03-17

2000-02-15

Jordan, Charles T.

Explosive and thermic compositions or charges

Containing nitrated organic compound

Nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine

149 46, 149 76, C06B 2534, C06B 3128, C06B 2922

Patent

active

060248122

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The subject matter of the invention is a pyrotechnic mixture as propellant or as a gas charge with carbon monoxide-reduced combustion vapours.
Propellants based on nitrocellulose (NC) are used in the most varied applications, for example in civil ammunition and military ammunition or as a gas-generating component in industrial cartridges, for example in bolt-firing tools. NC propellants are distinguished by their high degree of distribution, their favourable price as a result thereof and great extent of experience in handling and use, as well as a high level of variability of the combustion characteristics which can be controlled by way of the composition, the geometric form and surface treatment. Due to their almost slag-free burn-off, NC propellants supply a high amount of gas. These gas vapours contain as main component (40-60% by volume) toxic carbon monoxide (CO). For this reason, when using NC propellants, above all in closed areas, good ventilation or limited use must be ensured.
For this reason, the aim of numerous developments and inventions has been to provide CO-reduced propellants or pyrotechnic mixtures. Propellants or pyrotechnic mixtures with reduced CO-content are much described in literature, for example as gas-generating mixtures, as are used, among other things, in air bags. These mixtures are combinations of nitrogen-rich compounds, for example sodium azide or 5-aminotetrazole and suitable oxidizing agents such as sodium nitrate or potassium perchlorate. These mixtures burn with the formation of a large amount of slag. For this reason, and because of their combustion characteristics, they are not suitable, for example, for use in ammunition.
Due to the specific requirements for ammunition and other related applications, mixtures must therefore be found with components which, in addition to the suitable combustion characteristics, also have a low carbon portion. Propellants which contain nitroaminoguanidine (NAGu) are suitable and fulfil this requirement. Nitroaminoguanidine is a nitrogen-rich molecule with explosive characteristics.
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,373,976 a mixture with NAGu as main component (50-80% by weight) is described. In this respect, NAGu is used in combination with NC (15-40% by weight), octogen (0-30% by weight) and binders such as triacetin (0-15% by weight). This propellant should be distinguished by an isochoric flame temperature which is reduced by 20-30% compared with conventional propellants and should be suitable for use in ammunition. However, because of the high portions of NC, octogen and binders, the CO constituent in the gas vapours may not be reduced.
In U.S. Pat. No. 3,677,841, the use of NAGu in combination with combustion catalysts, for example vanadylacetylacetonate, in addition to other compounds, is described. The mixtures should be suitable for use in gas producers as gas generators. However, by using heavy-metal catalysts, a heavy-metal-containing slag which is toxic is produced during combustion.
An object of the present invention was therefore to provide propellants which do not have the disadvantages of the propellants which are known in the prior art.
The object of the invention was achieved with a propellant having the characterizing part of the main claim. Preferred developments are characterized in the subclaims.
The propellants in accordance with the invention are distinguished in that they have a CO concentration in the gas vapours which is clearly reduced compared with NC propellants. The propellants in accordance with the invention are distinguished, furthermore, by an almost slag-free combustion. The CO constituent in the gas vapours is reduced by more than 50% compared with NC propellants. In contrast with NC propellants, with the propellants in accordance with the invention nitrogen (about 40-50% by volume) and water (about 20-30% by volume) arise in the gas vapours as main components. The combustion characteristics and characteristic safety data of the mixtures in accordance with the invention are comparable with those of typical NC prop

REFERENCES:
patent: 3677841 (1972-07-01), Ayres et al.
patent: 5125684 (1992-06-01), Cartwright
patent: 5386775 (1995-02-01), Poole et al.
patent: 5482579 (1996-01-01), Ochi et al.
patent: 5531941 (1996-07-01), Poole
patent: 5756929 (1998-05-01), Lundstrom et al.

Affiliated with

Also associated with

Rating

Pyrotechnic mixture as propellant or a gas charge with carbon mo does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Pyrotechnic mixture as propellant or a gas charge with carbon mo, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Pyrotechnic mixture as propellant or a gas charge with carbon mo will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

Comments { 0 }

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1902673