Pumps – One fluid pumped by contact or entrainment with another
Reexamination Certificate
1999-02-16
2001-05-22
Walberg, Teresa (Department: 3742)
Pumps
One fluid pumped by contact or entrainment with another
C203S094000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06234760
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention relates to the field of jet technology, particularly to apparatus for creation of vacuum primarily in vacuum rectifying columns, and for compression of different gaseous mediums.
BACKGROUND ART
There is a pumping-ejection installation known, which contains ejector, working liquid pump and separator. Pump is connected to ejector, ejector's branch pipe for passive medium's feed is connected to gas pipeline, and separator is connected to ejector's outlet and pump's suction side (see SU, author's certificate, 1195074, cl.f 04 f 5/54,1985).
This installation allows to pump out different gases by using a closed circuit of working liquid circulation, however the energy of liquid medium is not fully used in this apparatus while gaseous medium's evacuation, what reduces the effectiveness of its operation.
The closest analogy to the described installation, in technical way, is pumping-ejection unit, which contains liquid-gas ejector with passive medium's feed device, mixing chamber and nozzle, pump, connected by its discharge side to ejector's nozzle and separator, connected by its liquid outlet to the pump suction side, inlet of passive medium's feed device of the ejector is connected to evacuated gaseous medium's source (see RU, patent, 2016268, cl. F 04 f 5/54,1994).
By means of optimisation of liquid-gas jet apparatus operation it becomes possible in this case to evacuate different gaseous mediums, creating vacuum in evacuated space in this manner, and to compress evacuated gaseous medium. Nevertheless, rather big losses of energy of liquid working medium take place during this liquid-gas jet apparatus operation because of irrational redistribution of energy of liquid working medium at the first stage of its interaction with evacuated gaseous medium.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
The problem to be solved in this invention is increase of efficiency factor of ejector pumping installation by reducing energy losses of liquid working medium in liquid-gas ejector.
The mentioned problem is solved by the following: in ejector pumping installation, which contains liquid-gas ejector with passive medium's feed device, mixing chamber and nozzle, pump, connected by its suction side to ejector's nozzle and separator, connected by its liquid outlet to the pump suction side, inlet of passive medium's feed device of the ejector is connected to evacuated gaseous medium's source, and the installation is also furnished by condenser, passive medium's feed device is designed as a receiving chamber. Nozzle and mixing chamber are situated in alignment from the opposite sides of receiving chamber. Wall of inlet part of mixing chamber together with walls of receiving chamber form a space (it can be a circular space, for example), which is connected to separator by drain pipe. The outlet cross-section of drain pipe is located below liquid's level in separator and forms hydraulic lock. Ejector's outlet is connected to condenser, which is in turn, connected to separator's inlet.
There is another variant of design of ejector pumping installation, which contains liquid-gas ejector with passive medium's feed device, mixing chamber and nozzle, pump, connected by its suction side to ejector's nozzle and separator, connected by liquid outlet to the pump suction side, note that inlet of passive medium's feed device of the ejector is connected to evacuated gaseous medium's source, and also apparatus is supplied with condenser, passive medium's feed device is designed as a receiving chamber. Nozzle and mixing chamber are situated in alignment from the opposite sides of the receiving chamber. Wall of inlet part of mixing chamber together with walls of receiving chamber form a space (it can be a circular space), which is connected to pump suction side. Ejector's outlet is connected to condenser, and condenser is connected to separator's inlet.
Besides, the inlet part of mixing chamber, by means of which space in receiving chamber is formed, can be designed in the form of shell, converging in flow direction. This space in the receiving chamber can be situated above the separator, not lower than height of barometric liquid column in drain pipe, and the inlet cross-section of drain pipe is situated lower than the inlet of evacuated medium in receiving chamber.
Researches of liquid-gas ejector operation showed, that during nozzle outflow (single-channel or multiply-channel), the outlying part of liquid working medium's flow, mostly made up of fine drops, when contacting with evacuated gas, loses kinetic energy much faster than the rest part of liquid working medium's flow. While hitting with particles, which are forming evacuated gas, the outlying part of liquid flow is sprayed in receiving chamber and is accumulated in the inlet part of mixing chamber. The sprayed part of the liquid working medium's flow starts to drain into the mixing chamber due to influence of gas flow and pressure gradient and partly blocks flow area of the mixing chamber. As a result, the energy of not-sprayed part of liquid working medium's flow is being spent not only for gaseous medium's evacuation, but also for pumping this sprayed part of liquid working medium's flow out. All the above finally decreases efficiency of liquid-gas ejector operation and efficiency of the whole ejector pumping installation accordingly.
Availability of space (for example circular space) with drain pipe in receiving chamber of liquid-gas ejector allows to collect the sprayed part of liquid working medium's flow in the receiving chamber and to discharge it from there, depending on conditions of apparatus operation, either to separator or to pump suction side with its further mixing with the main part of liquid working medium. So, energy of liquid working medium is mainly used for evacuating and compression of evacuated gas medium. Besides, the losses of liquid working medium are excluded, as after discharge from the ejector the sprayed part of liquid working medium returns into circulation circuit.
It is advisable to design the inlet part of mixing chamber, which forms space in the receiving chamber, as a conic shell, converging in medium's flow direction. This prevents draining of the sprayed part of liquid working medium into mixing chamber, if ejector is situated horizontally or inclined. It also prevents placing of the drain pipe's inlet cross-section lower than the inlet of evacuated gaseous medium of the receiving chamber.
If conditions allow, for example vertical configuration of ejector pumping installation, it is advisable to bleed the sprayed part of liquid working medium by gravity. In this case, the space in the receiving chamber should be situated above the separator, but not lower than barometric liquid column in the drain pipe.
If ejector pumping installation is used as a compressor unit, no matter if it creates vacuum in evacuated volume or not, it is preferable to discharge the sprayed part of liquid working medium's flow from the receiving chamber to the pump suction side, which will actually pump it out from the receiving chamber.
As a result the solution of the problem is achieved by this invention.
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Doubinski Anatoli M.
Popov Serguei A.
Fastovsky L
Oathout Mark A.
Walberg Teresa
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