Pumps – Expansible chamber type – Moving cylinder
Patent
1986-02-11
1988-08-09
Smith, Leonard E.
Pumps
Expansible chamber type
Moving cylinder
417509, 417547, 417550, 417552, 417554, 92162R, F04B 1902, F04B 704, F04B 2104
Patent
active
047624744
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to pumps.
Conventional pumps generally comprise a pumping cylinder which accommodates a piston whereby on relative reciprocation between the cylinder and the piston, fluid is drawn into one end of the cylinder through an inlet and then is transferred to the other side of the piston to pass from the other end of the cylinder.
One disadvantage of piston pumps is that it is generally more difficult to produce a smooth cylindrical interior surface than a smooth cylindrical exterior surface. This is particularly the case in the tube manufacture. Therefore the production of a smooth bored cylinder for a piston pump usually requires special machining of that surface.
In addition during the pumping action of the piston pump with the movement of the piston towards one or the other end there is usually an increase in sealing pressure between the piston seal and cylinder wall. This increase in pressure tends to increase the frictional contact between the piston seal and the cylinder and since the circumference of the cylinder bore is usually maximized to maximise the pumping volume of the pump the frictional forces so produced can be relatively large.
A further disadvantage of piston pumps particularly pumps used in bore holes arises from the fact that the fluid being pumped generally carries with it abrasive and/or corrosive materials which cause abrasion of the cylinder bore and the piston seal on reciprocation of the piston within the cylinder due to the intimate contact between the piston seal and the fluid being pumped. It is also common for solid abrasive particles to become lodged between the piston body and the bore adjacent the seal to provide a source of considerable abrasive action.
As a result of the frictional contact between the seal and the cylinder bore the resultant abrasion of that seal and cylinder bore during the use of the pump is common for there to be some leakage, although minimal, past the piston during usage and after usage of the pump. In most cases the leakage past the piston during usage can be tolerated however if such leakage occurs when the pump is not in use the fluid which lies above the piston will drain away from the riser pipe and cylinder. When the pump is used again it is necessary to prime the pump and/or there is some delay betwen the initiating of the pumping action to the delivery of the first fluid from the outlet of the pump. The necessity to prime the pump before usage is of considerable disadvantage due to the need to maintain a supply of fluid to effect priming of the pump. The delay in delivery of the fluid is also of a disadvantage where the pump being used by a drive source which is variable in its operation such as a solar powered drive or a wind powered drive where the energy source which effects the drive will vary in its incidence.
It is an object of this invention to provide a pump which eliminates the need for a piston sealingly engaged with the walls of a cylinder.
In one form the invention resides in a pump having a hollow body having an inlet controlled by a first nonreturn valve which permits the entry of fluid into the body, said pump being characterised by a pipe, one end of which extends into the hollow body, said pipe being slidably recieved within said body, a seal being located between the hollow body and the pipe, a second non-return valve within said pipe to permit the entry of fluid from within the body to the pipe past the second non-return valve, and a drive means to cause relative reciprocation between the pipe and the body.
The invention will be more fully understood in the light of the following description of several specific embodiments. The description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 comprises a schematic sectional elevation of a pump according to the first embodiment during the upstroke portion of the pump cycle;
FIG. 2 comprises a schematic sectional elevation of the pump according to the embodiment during the downstroke of the pump cycle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional elevatio
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patent: 2178822 (1939-11-01), Upton et al.
patent: 2261468 (1941-11-01), Hartner
patent: 3578886 (1971-05-01), Nino
patent: 4173451 (1979-11-01), Moore, Jr.
Neils Paul F.
Smith Leonard E.
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