Combustion – Combustion bursts or flare-ups in pulses or serial pattern
Patent
1982-05-26
1984-12-18
Green, Randall L.
Combustion
Combustion bursts or flare-ups in pulses or serial pattern
122 24, 13753311, F23C 1104
Patent
active
044888651
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention disclosed herein pertains generally to improvements in combustors or burners and more particularly relates to gas and liquid heaters and steam generators having an improved combustor.
BACKGROUND ART
A vast number of burner arrangements are known for a virtually limitless number of specific uses. Typically, combustion takes place in an open combustion zone with the combustion gases then passed through a heat exchanger to heat a fluid such as air or water. Conventional combustion devices are unsatisfactory since oftentimes combustion is incomplete producing various pollutants and furthermore because the efficiency obtainable from such combustion devices is relatively poor.
The known burners or combustors used for heating liquids such as water are generally quite massive and consume large amounts of fuel (usually oil or gas). Most presently used burners rely on a continuous flow of the fuel, thus perhaps wasting some of the fuel due to incomplete combustion. Combustion devices having an intermittent flow of fuel are known, for example, as in a conventional piston engine or in a pulsing combustor. Perhaps one of the first pulsing combustors was the pulse-jet engine utilized in the German V-1 rocket or buzz bomb which is described on pages 2 and 3 of the book Rocket Propulsion Elements by George P. Sutton (John Wiley & Sons, 1949).
Another known pulsing combustor is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,857,332 to Tenney et al and is utilized in a machine for producing dispersions of liquid in air or other gases. In the Tenney et al device, a fuel-air mixture is supplied through an inlet portion of a combustor with combustion air passing sequentially through a throat or an air inlet passage and over a sloping step in a fuel injection tube. Fuel is discharged as a spray and is metered in proportion to the incoming air. The fuel-air mixture is forced through a plurality of diverging passages into a combustion zone of the combustor. The passages each have a port at the combustion chamber end of each passage. Each port is covered by a finger-like portion of a metal valve preferably made of a flexible steel. The finger-like portions of the valve are sufficiently flexible to be deflected against a backing plate by the inrush of the air-fuel mixture when the burner is operating.
Initially, the starting air-fuel mixture is introduced into the burner chamber and is ignited by a spark plug. The resulting explosion causes the finger-like portions of the valve to close against the intake ports leaving an exhaust tube as the only path of exit for the combustion zone gases. The mass of gases in the exhaust tube is then driven forceably at extremely high velocity outwardly of an open end of the exhaust tube by the expanding combustion gases produced by the explosion in the combustion zone The rush of gases out of the exhaust tube causes a low pressure area in the combustion zone. The low pressure area induces a fresh charge of combustible air fuel mixture through the ports and into the combustion zone. Fuel is fed to the combustion zone through a plurality of fuel ports and the air used is atmospheric air. The burner depends on the low pressure zone existing in the combustion chamber after exhaustion of the hot combustion products to induce a further flow of the air-fuel mixture into the combustion zone.
A resonant intermittent combustion heater system using a pulsing combustion arrangement similar to the pulsing combustor disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,857,332 is also known in the prior art and is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,715,390 issued to Tenney et al.
A different pulsing combustion arrangement having a burner is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,959,214 issued to Durr et al. During ignition of the burner in the Durr et al device, a spark plug is activated along with a pump to supply air through a conduit under pressure to a tightly closed fuel tank. The air streaming through the tube vaporizes an amount of fuel at a diaphragm and this mixture flows into a mixing tube. The mixing tube mixes the fuel-ai
REFERENCES:
patent: 944811 (1909-12-01), Nageburn
patent: 2634804 (1953-04-01), Erickson
patent: 3105516 (1963-10-01), Werra et al.
patent: 3944668 (1976-11-01), Leisner et al.
Arkansas Patents, Inc.
Green Randall L.
Speckman Thomas W.
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