Multiplex communications – Pathfinding or routing – Combined circuit switching and packet switching
Reexamination Certificate
1997-03-11
2004-04-13
Vanderpuye, Kenneth (Department: 2661)
Multiplex communications
Pathfinding or routing
Combined circuit switching and packet switching
C370S401000, C370S338000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06721306
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a localized installation of a gateway system, for private or limited public wireless telephone communication, with all telephone calls going into and coming out of the localized wireless gateway system utilizing a public packet switched data network such as the Internet.
Acronyms
The written description uses a large number of acronyms to refer to various services and system components. Although generally known, use of several of these acronyms is not strictly standardized in the art. For purposes of this discussion, acronyms therefore will be defined as follows:
ADPCM—Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation
ARPA—Advanced Research Projects Agency
ARPANET—Advanced Research Projects Agency NETwork
AS—Autonomous Systems
ATM—Asynchronous Transfer Mode
CDMA—Code Division Multiple Access
CELP—Code Excited Linear Predictive coding
CO—Central Office
CODEC—digital CODer and DECoder
CREN—Corporation for Research and Educational Networking
CPU—Central Processing Unit
CT-
2
—Cordless Telephone two
DECT—Digital European Cordless Telecommunication System
DHCP—Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DNS—Domain Name Server
DTMF—Dual Tone Multi-Frequency
FDDI—Fiber Distributed Data Interface
FM—Frequency Modulation
GAO—Government Accounting Office
GSM—Global System for Mobile
HLR—Home Location Register
IP—Internet Protocol
ISDN—Integrated Services Digital Network
ISP—Internet Service Provider
LAN—Local Area Network
MAC—Media Access Control
MILNET—MILitary NETwork
NSFNET—National Science Foundation NETwork
PC—Personal Computer
PCS—Personal Communications Service
PABX—Private Automatic Branch Exchange
PBX—Private Branch Exchange
PPP—Point to Point Protocol
PRI—Primary Rate Interface (for ISDN)
PSTN—Public Switched Telephone Network
RAM—Random Access Memory
RF—Radio Frequency
ROM—Read Only Memory
TCP—Transmission Control Protocol
SONET—Synchronous Optical NETwork
SMDS—Switched Megabit Data Service
SMDI—Simplified Message Desk Interface
TDMA—Time Division Multiple Access
VLR—Visitor Location Register
VSELP—Vector-Sum Excited Linear Predictive coding
BACKGROUND ART
In our increasingly mobile society, there has been an ever increasing demand for mobile communications to allow a person to roam freely while making and receiving telephone calls from virtually any location. A wide range of wireless systems are in use today and more are now scheduled for near term future deployment, including cellular telephone systems (both analog and digital) and lower power portable handset type systems now commonly referred to as personal communications service (PCS) systems.
Public cellular telephone systems and the emerging low-power, digital cellular PCS systems provide a high degree of mobile communications, as subscribers roam over large geographic areas. However, such systems are expensive to deploy, and as a result, air time charges for use of such systems are high. A number of applications have been recognized where wireless communications are desirable, but implementation of a full public cellular telephone system is unnecessary. This specification refers to these more limited systems as ‘localized’ wireless or cordless telephone type communications systems.
For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,980,907 to Raith et al. discloses a wireless communication system with roaming capabilities. Each portable radio terminal can operate at a subscriber's residence as part of residential equipment, or in a commercial subscriber's business area as an extension to a private automatic branch exchange (PABX). When away from the normal residential or business location, however, the portable radio terminal can operate through public transceivers referred to as telepoint terminals. Each residential installation, PABX and telephone terminal connects through a telephone line or trunk to an exchange of a public switched telecommunication network (PSTN).
U.S. Pat. No. 4,875,231 to Hara et al. discloses a radio telephone system, which includes a base station connected to a telephone exchange and a plurality of mobile stations. The mobile stations communicate with the base station through a control channel and a number of communication channels.
Each of U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,965,849 and 5,014,295 to Kunihiro discloses a cordless telephone system, wherein the master station connects to two outgoing telephone lines. The master station includes a number of base transceiver units for simultaneously communicating with a number of portable wireless handsets.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,878,238 and 5,020,094 to Rash et al. describe a cordless telephone network which allows each hand-held cordless telephone unit to be used with any of a number of strategically located base units, for example located at truck stops, rest areas along interstate highways, convention centers and the like. A base unit connects via a telephone line to a conventional commercial telephone network. The base unit includes an FM transmitter, FM receiver, CPU and a telephone line interface circuit. The Rash et al. Patents mention that it would be possible to have multiple base units at one location, each one being attached to a different land line and each one operating on a cordless telephone channel.
As shown by the above description, the localized cordless telephone systems utilized in the prior art have all relied on an existing public telephone network to transport communications outside of the cordless telephone systems themselves. In such a situation, for example, a long distance call typically would go through a local exchange carrier to the point of presence of an interexchange carrier for routing to the area of the called party. Although fees and billing arrangements vary widely, each carrier imposes some form of charge for its handling of a portion of such a call. The long distance and international charges by the interexchange carriers, in particular, can be quite high.
Concurrent with developments in wireless communications, outlined above, attention recently has been directed to implementing a variety of communication services, including voice telephone service, over the worldwide packet switched data network now commonly known as the Internet. The Internet had its genesis in U.S. Government programs funded by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). That research made possible national internetworked data communication systems. This work resulted in the development of network standards as well as a set of conventions, known as protocols, for interconnecting data networks and routing information across the networks. These protocols are commonly referred to as TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/internet protocol). The TCP/IP protocols were originally developed for use only through ARPANET but have subsequently become widely used in the industry. TCP/IP is flexible and robust. TCP takes care of the integrity, and IP moves the data.
The Internet provides two broad types of services: connectionless packet delivery service and reliable stream transport service. The Internet basically comprises several large computer networks joined together over high-speed data links ranging from ISDN to T1, T3, FDDI, SONET, SMDS, ATM, OT
1
, etc. The most prominent of these national nets are MILNET (Military Network), NSFNET (National Science Foundation NETwork), and CREN (Corporation for Research and Educational Networking) In 1995, the Government Accounting Office (GAO) reported that the Internet linked 59,000 networks, 2.2 million computers and 15 million users in 92 countries. However, since then it is estimated that the number of Internet users continues to double approximately annually.
In simplified fashion the Internet may be viewed as a series of packet data switches or ‘routers’ connected together with computers connected to the routers. The information providers constitute the end systems which collect and market the information through their own servers. Access providers are companies such as UUNET, PSI, MCI and SPRINT which transport the information. Such companies market the usage of their networks to the actual end use
Curry James E.
Farris Robert D.
Voit Eric A.
Forbis, Esq. Glenn R.
Suchyta, Esq. Leonard C.
Vanderpuye Kenneth
Verizon Services Corp.
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