Hydraulic and earth engineering – Drainage or irrigation – Porous or apertured pipe – flume – or tileway
Patent
1986-09-02
1989-01-24
Reese, Randolph A.
Hydraulic and earth engineering
Drainage or irrigation
Porous or apertured pipe, flume, or tileway
405 45, 405 43, 47 1R, 47 485, 47 79, E02B 1300, A01G 2500
Patent
active
047998229
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to the construction and geometry of profile elements and to their applications,
The profile elements in accordance with the invention are particularly useful for the purpose of supply to or removal of substances from gases, liquids and more or less granulated and/or fibrous and/or crumbly solid material, such as for example soil, in open and closed spaces and in the open air, in households, in horticulture, in agriculture, in industry and in protection of the environment.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
For the purpose of enrichment and/or purification and/or dressing or refining, it is known to cause substances having different properties which are harmonized with one another and, as a rule, a different state to penetrate one another and in so doing to act, on one another. In order to ensure controlled reproducible penetration and effect conditions, stratification methods and procedures possibly along with the use of separating and enrichment and/or purification elements are known.
For the supplying of cultures with water and oxygen, besides the customary surface sprinkling or aeration, supply from an underlying store along with the use of double-bottom containers is known. The construction of such containers with an upper bottom as separating element between the soil culture that is to be supplied and the storage space and an actual container lower bottom tightly sealing the same off downwardly has in the past been achieved in any of the following ways: of the container walling. internal container and the lower bottom is an integral constituent part of an external container. constituent part of the container walling. pillars, which are either an integral constituent part of the upper bottom or of the lower bottom. pillars which are detachable structural elements.
The upper bottoms in accordance with (a) and (b) are given their bering capacity chiefly through their connection to the container walling and possibly additionally through an arched shaping (bottle bottom). The upper bottoms in accordance with (c) to (e) are as a rule flat and, depending on the frequency and spacing of the supporting elements, more or less stiff or flexible; the force transmission to the container wall or the lower bottom takes place primarily punctiformly or linearly. The upper bottoms in accordance with (a) to (e) are in themselves single-walled in design and possibly ribbed and they can be perforated in a sieve-like -or lattice-like manner. They are, as a rule, produced from metal or plastics material.
Transportation of the medium present in the store onto and into the soil culture takes place in the case of gases in a natural way by convection and pressure or partial pressure gradients. Where the gas is disposed an an intervening layer above a stored liquid, transportation of evaporated liquid takes place at the same time as transport of the gas. This liquid transportation can additionally be considerably enhanced by absorbent (hygroscopic) wick cords, ribbons or webs, which lead from the liquid store into or onto the soil culture.
OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention proposes profile elements for the supply of and/or removal of substances from environmental and/or flow material, which, as compared with the known constructions
have a boundary wall or respectively boundary walls which are profiled in a special, surface-enlarging manner which promotes the supply and/or removal function,
are constructed in themselves in a sandwich-like or multi-tubular manner and have boundary walls which are arranged at a spacing from one another and are possibly integrally connected and which enclose a storage and/or flow space,
in the case of sandwich-like or multi-tubular construction have, between the boundary walls and possibly connected integrally thereto, webs which promote the profiling of the boundary walls and/or subdivide the enclosed storage space into storage units and/or medium guidance channels,
in the case of sandwich-like or multi-tubular construction have a storage spac
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Landwehr Oswald
Wintermantel Erich
Reese Randolph A.
Ricer John A.
Wintermantel Erich
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