Specialized metallurgical processes – compositions for use therei – Processes – Free metal or alloy reductant contains magnesium
Patent
1998-04-22
2000-07-11
Mai, Ngoclan
Specialized metallurgical processes, compositions for use therei
Processes
Free metal or alloy reductant contains magnesium
75674, C22B 2100
Patent
active
060866551
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a new process to produce metals such as aluminium, magnesium, silicon and the like by thermo-mechanical means within a reactor chamber where the oxide or other metal compounds are subject to an intense agitation and vibrations thus generating heat in the material.
To explain the process aluminum is used as an example in this description, but it is valid for other types of oxides and/or other metal compounds as will be seen later in the present invention.
Aluminium is at present produced in large scale facilities throughout the world by different electrolytical processes using electrical energy as a main source for the electrolytical reactions. The electrolyte is established by adding cryolite to an aluminium-oxide bath at a temperature of about 800.degree. C. Carbon is used as electrodes.
The main advantage, by the method is that it is well developed and operates under stabile conditions. It is further more regarded as the cheapest way to produce aluminium from aluminum oxide (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3) which is upgraded from aluminum hydroxide Al(OH).sub.3.
The disadvantage of the processes are that they are highly energy consuming. From theory approx. 8,5 kWh each kg aluminum has to be utilised in the electrolytical process. but because of heat and energy loss in the process. the practical amount of energy is normally in the range of 12 kWh each kg. Enormous research is taking place all over the world to improve energy efficiency and, where only small reduction gives enormous economical benefits due to the vast amount of energy utilised. In addition to the cost of energy, the cost of aluminum is also affected by the cost of cryolite and carbon consumption and huge gas cleaning facilities.
The present invention describe a method to obtain production of aluminum from aluminum compounds by other means than at present known from the industry. The aim of the method is to obtain a high-efficiency cracking of the aluminum compounds into aluminum and water at low pressure and temperature with an energy-requirement less than any other known method, and with no use of cryolite and no emission of toxic gases.
The principle of the process that is called turbo-cracking, is to threat the compounds in a echanical established hot fluidized bed. The mechanical fluidized bed has been found to give rise to the following effects to achieve the cracking: forces. generating chemicals (hydrogen and oxygen) as a part of the chemical composition of the aluminum compound which leads to cracking of water into hydrogen and, hydroxyl-radicals. temperature. grains and by the movement of the grains over the mechanical friction elements.
The mechanical, fludized bed that takes place in a reactor chamber, can be established by different means. One practical mean is to apply a hammer-mill construction either with a cylindrical vessel or a conical vessel with internal <<steps>> whereby the material can be subject to different velocities from the hammers, and, where one or more of the steps can be cooled to control the chemical reactions taking place in the reactor. One other mean is a ball-mill construction. Even another mean is to establish the fulidized bed, to use magnetic metal as bed material put into rapid motion by magnetic forces by an electrical coil surrounding the reactor chamber vessel.
The mechanical motion of the bed in the process is carried out in such a manner that energy to establish the bed also delivers enough energy to heat it to the desired process temperature, and to maintain the temperature during the process. This is achieved, by that the mechanical means that establishes the bed, generates a pressure front against the mechanical means and the fludized solids and thereby delivers the energy similar to a turbine effect. In addition to the pressure front, the shear-forces that appear between the mechanical means and the individual solids, generate peak temperatures. This means that in the vicinity of the mechanical means, we have established a <<moving>> pressure and a temper
REFERENCES:
patent: 4261736 (1981-04-01), Dewing et al.
Derwent's abstract, No. 79-17162B/09, week 7909, Abstract Of JP, 54010274 (Sato M), Jan. 25, 1979.
Ellingsen Bjarte S.o slashed.reb.o slashed.
Ellingsen Liv S.o slashed.reb.o slashed.
Ellingsen Olav
Industrikontakt, Ing. O Ellingsen & Co.
Mai Ngoclan
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