Compositions – Dust suppressants for bulk materials – or processes of...
Patent
1995-01-13
1996-06-25
Lieberman, Paul
Compositions
Dust suppressants for bulk materials, or processes of...
252174, 252543, 252549, 264117, 264140, C11D 112, C11D 1100, C11D 1706
Patent
active
055297102
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
Currently there is a trend towards compact detergents which offer the consumer a product which is more convenient to carry and store, as well as reducing the weight of packaging materials used. In order to manufacture these compact detergents, there is a need to use high density, high activity granules/agglomerates.
One problem which is associated with such high activity particles is the discoloration of the organic surfactant material. Such discoloration is highly undesirable in a finished detergent product and can cause detergent granules made from a paste of anionic detergent salts to be yellow in colour which is unacceptable to the consumer and therefore not commercially viable. This problem is particularly acute in granules which have a high activity of organic surfactant.
One way of making high active detergent granules is by agglomeration of high active pastes consisting of the salts of anionic surfactants with detergent powders. Such pastes have rarely been handled before in the detergent industry for various reasons, including the practical difficulties in handling high viscosity pastes and the need to maintain high temperatures in order to prevent solidification of the material, and the problems associated with discoloration.
There is a need, for a consumer acceptance point-of-view, to make high active detergent granules which have a white, or near-white appearance. According to Herman de Groot, W. "Sulphonation Technology in the Detergent Industry", Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991, a common approach to improving colour is by bleaching of dark, organic compounds, especially anionic surfactants like linear alkyl benzene sulphonate (LAS) or methyl ester sulphonate (MES). Bleaching is achieved by an agent which disrupts the conjugated carbon double bonds, either by reaction with one of the conjugated double bonds or by oxidation and/or reduction of the chromophore. There is a variety of bleaching agents potentially available for this purpose but only sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide have commercial importance. Sodium hypochlorite is a more convenient and efficient bleach than hydrogen peroxide. However, chlorine-based bleach may be undesirable due to the potential to generate sensitisers during the process of some feedstocks. As an alternative, hydrogen peroxide may be used, but is less cost-efficient and can cause process control difficulties due to excessive foaming caused by the liberation of oxygen during bleaching.
GB 1 369 269, published on Oct.2nd, 1974, describes a process of dry neutralisation for making detergent granules. It says that various difficulties are encountered including local discoloration of the organic detergent. However no solutions are specifically given to this problem.
GB 2 221 695, published on Feb. 14th, 1990, also describes a dry neutralisation process. It says that various adjuvants may be added with the neutralising agent, but there are no benefits suggested from adding brighteners or dyes, apart from it being a convenient process route for many adjuvants.
GB 2 166 452, published on May 8th, 1986, describes a processing route which involves dispersing organic materials with particles of an inorganic component to form solid pellets which may then be granulated. A wide choice of detergent ingredients which may be added upon neutralisation is suggested, including, blueing agents, fluorescent dyes and pigments. However, once again, there is no suggestion of any particular benefit to be gained from choosing these ingredients.
EPA 327 963, published on Aug. 16th, 1989 discloses a method of pre-neutralising the surfactant acids in a slurry, spray-drying the slurry to form a powder and densifying said powder. Brighteners may be incorporated into the slurry as a convenient way of bringing them into the finished composition, but there is no suggestion that this is of benefit to the colour of the densified granules.
Co-pending European Applications 92870026.9, 92200994.9 and 92200993.1, form part of the prior art under Art 54(3) EPC. These appl
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De Ryck Benny
Van Dijk Paul
Vega Jose L.
Douyon Lorna M.
Lieberman Paul
Patel Ken K.
Rasser Jacobus C.
The Procter & Gamble & Company
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