Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Chemical modification of textiles or fibers or products thereof – Treating textiles or fibers from synthetic resin or natural...
Patent
1996-08-02
1998-04-14
Diamond, Alan
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Chemical modification of textiles or fibers or products thereof
Treating textiles or fibers from synthetic resin or natural...
81161, 81164, 8120, 81276, 811556, 811554, 8137, 8552, 8594, 8595, 427389, 4273899, 4273934, 442 93, 428365, D06M 13238, D06M 1541
Patent
active
057386889
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/BE95/00006 filed Jan. 25, 1995.
This invention relates to a process to improve the resistance to stains on dyeable natural and synthetic fibres and in particular polyamide fibres.
By "fibres" has to be understood, fibres or yarns whether greige (raw) or processed, unfinished or finished, bright as well as dull, thermofixed or not, in yarn form or processed to fabric, felt, knitwear, non-wovens, carpets, rugs, etc. To simplify matters, in this description fibres in which form whatsoever will be called "substrate".
Removal of stains, coloured or not, from a substrate, is still a very delicate problem, as there could remain traces or spots either by discoloration or coloration of the original substrate caused by the stain or by the detergents which affect the dyestuff of the substrate. This is especially the case for stains caused by products containing chlorine, oxidative bleaching agents, and stains containing persistent dyestuffs or pigments for instance present in coffee, tea, wine, fruit juices, inks . . .
The purpose of this invention is to propose a process by which the resistance of a coloured or uncoloured substrate against stains of any nature is considerably improved whilst at the same time also other improved characteristics are obtained such as an improved antistatic behaviour, resistance to products such as turpentine and white spirit as well as resistance to soiling, mildew and house-mite.
It is known (C.A. Vol. 97 (1982) 7.704 U) that tannin is used to fix dyestuff after the dyeing process. On the other hand it is also known from the swimwear industry, to treat coloured nylon fabric with extraction's of gallotannin to improve the colour fastness to chlorine. This was based on the fact that the additional treatment of coloured nylon fabric with gallotannin extraction's caused a migration of the dyes in the fibre whereby the gallotannin is fixed on the fibre. This provides a certain resistance to discoloration of the substrate by products containing chlorine. However this treatment has no known effect on coloured stains, and on stains caused by other oxidative bleaching agents.
On the other hand, it is known from the U.S. Pat. No. 4,501,591, to treat polyamide fibres after application of the dyestuff, with condensation products of sulphonated phenol- or naphtol-formaldehydes in presence of an alkalinemetal silicate. It has been shown that for polyamide fibres, this treatment provides resistance to colour stains and particularly effective for anionic dyes. This treatment has no effect whatsoever on chlorine stains and on stains of other oxidative bleaching agents.
In the cosmetic industry, there is an increasing use of strong oxidative bleaching agents, such as benzoylperoxyde. Resistance to stains caused by this type of products is unknown in the textile industry.
During extensive research in this field, it has now surprisingly been demonstrated that the resistance of coloured or uncoloured substrate to stains or to deterioration of the fibres caused by oxidative bleaching agents, is considerably improved when the substrate is treated with a solution containing tannic acid and a condensation product of a sulphonated phenol- or naphtol-derivate with an aldehyde.
It has also been found that this treatment is also very effective against stains caused by dyes of natural or synthetic origin of anionic, cationic, metalcomplex or disperse nature.
That the tannic acid would improve the discoloration caused by chlorine, could be expected by the man skilled in the art, but that treatment with the solution mentioned above would be more efficient than a normal tannic acid treatment, could not be predicted.
Furthermore, the resistance to coloured stains obtained by a treatment with a condensation product of a sulphonated phenol- or naphtol-formaldehyde is not only met by the treatment with the solution according to the invention, but is considerably improved.
The effectiveness of the solution containing both components (tannic acid and condensation product) is not only better
REFERENCES:
patent: 2342823 (1944-02-01), Schlack
patent: 3961881 (1976-06-01), Sumner et al.
patent: 4501592 (1985-02-01), Ucci et al.
patent: 4833009 (1989-05-01), Marshall
Chem. Abstracts, vol. 90, No. 4, 22 Jan. 1979, Abstract No. 24736d, Wada, Hideki, Prevention of staining of dyed silk yarns.
Database WPI, Section Ch, Week 8638, Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class A11, AN 86-247834, Aug. 1986.
Diamond Alan
N. V. Denderland-Martin
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